Study on Policy Reform towards Environmentally Friendly Agriculture and Construction on of Japanese GAP : For the Preparation of Environmental Payment Program Based on the Comparison between South West Japan and Germany

本研究结合德国的MEKA计划，探讨了日本引入环境友好型农业直接支付计划的可能性。以福冈县为例，以熊本县的麻生草原为畜牧业，以冲绳县为甘蔗种植区，与福冈县农民和市民进行的联合调查结果表明，本次调查最重要的作用是对改善农村环境的教育作用。我们还发现，影响稻田生物多样性的因素不是减少的化学物质和化肥，而是稻田的自然位置。对麻生草原的研究表明，志愿者在保护这一地区的重要性，以及将农业的多功能引导到市场机制中的活动。对甘蔗农场的研究表明，土壤流失和集约耕作之间并没有显著的权衡，因此有可能提高产量。我们还发现，对农民的经济激励和教育手段对于保持水土是不够的，因此完善甘蔗农业生产体系更加重要。

This study focused on the possibility of introducing direct payment program for environmental friendly agriculture in Japan with considering the MEKA program in Germany. Our case study area were Fukuoka Prefecture for paddy farming, Aso grassland in Kumamoto Prefecture for livestock farming, and Okinawa Prefecture for sugar cane farming.The results of the joint survey with farmers and citizens in Fukuoka showed that the most important effect of this survey was the educational role for the improvement of concern on rural environment. Also we found that factors for affecting the biodiversity of paddy field were not decreased chemicals and fertilizers but natural location of paddy field.The study of Aso grassland showed us that the importance of volunteers for conserving this area and activities for leading mutifunctionality of agriculture to market mechanism.The study of sugar cane farms showed that there was not significant trade-off between the loss of soil and the intensive farming and so the possibility to improve yield. Also we found that the economic incentive and educational approach for farmers are not enough for soil conservation and so the improvement of agricultural production system of sugar cane is more important.