DEVELOPMENT OF NON-INVASIVE BLOOD GLUCOSE MEASUREMENT BY FOURIER TRANSFORM INFRARED SPECTROSOPIC ANALYSIS THROUGH THE MUCOUS MEMBRANE OF THE LIP USING CHALCOGENIDE OPTICAL FIBER SYSTEM

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Using Fourier transform infrared (FT-IR) spectroscopy with attenuated total reflection (ATR) prism, non-invasive blood glucose measurement through the mucous membrane of the lip was investigated. To achieve easy attachment and easy control of attachment pressure of ATR prism to the mucous membrane of the lip, the chalcogenide optical fiber with ATR prism built in the tip of the optical fiber was used. The same glucose specific peaks at wave numbers of 1080 and 1033 cm^<-1> as glucose solutions were found in a spectrum through the mucous membrane of the lip. With a constant pressure of ATR prism to the mucous membrane of the lip at 6.7×10^3 dyn/cm^2, coefficients of variation of measurements within a day and of day-to-day measurements were 3.8 and 5.4%, respectively. To eliminate baseline drifts and interference of body constituents other than glucose, the difference absorbancess at 1080 cm-1 between spectra measured at postprandial state and background spectrum obtained at fasting state as an individual characteristic were evaluated. Following intravenous pulsatile injection of glucose, the difference absorbancess at 1080 cm^<-1> nicely followed to the changes in blood glucose concentrations with a time delay of 4 minutes. In daily blood glucose monitoring, highly significant correlation between the difference absorbancess and increases in blood glucose concentrations above fasting level was obtained (r=0.920, p<0.01). From these experiments, it was suggested that FT-IR spectroscopy with the chalcogenide optical fiber could be useful clinically for non-invasive monitoring of glucose through the mucous membrane of the lip.