Environmental variation and forest dynamics in the terrestrial regions around the Sea of Okhotsk

鄂霍次克海周边陆地区域的环境变化和森林动态

• 批准号: 14405002
• 负责人: HARA Toshihiko
• 金额: $ 9.34万
• 依托单位: Hokkaido University
• 依托单位国家: 日本
• 项目类别: Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (B)
• 财政年份: 2002
• 资助国家: 日本
• 起止时间: 2002 至 2004
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://kaken.nii.ac.jp/en/grant/KAKENHI-PROJECT-14405002/
• 关键词: boreal forest; forest dynamics; environmental stress; photosynthesis; chlorophyll fluorescence; succession; reproductive strategy; survival strategy; カムチャツカ; 森林火災; 森林更新; シラカバ; カラマツ; 実生; 萌芽; ハイマツ; 永久凍土; ミズゴケ

We made re-measurements (stem diameter, tree height, mortality, recruitment, photosynthesis, chlorophyll fluorescence) of trees (Larix cajanderi, Betula platyphylla), in the three boreal forests with different successional stages in Kamchatka, Russia, that we established 3-5 years before. The number of Larix seedlings per ha was almost constant irrespective of successional stage. The photosynthetic rate of Larix was higher than that of Betula. The degree of photooxidative stress in the photosynthetic system (which is magnified by low temperature and/or low precipitation) was smaller in Larix than in Betula. Betula produced a larger number of seedlings than Larix but the mortality rate got higher than Larix as succession proceeded. At the same time, Betula produced a large number of trunk suckers at the base of the mother trunk as clonal growth. These results suggest that Betula has advantageous reproductive and survival strategies at the early-successional stage, while Larix has those at the late-successional stage. Therefore, we conclude that Larix can be a dominant species in the Kamchatka boreal forest while Betula can form an early-successional forest under stressful conditions (low temperature, low precipitation) after large-scale disturbance such as forest fire in Kamchatka.

我们重新测量（茎直径，树高，死亡率，招聘，光合作用，叶绿素荧光）的树木（落叶松cajanderi，白桦），在俄罗斯堪察加半岛的三个北方森林不同的演替阶段，我们建立了3-5年前。每公顷的落叶松幼苗数几乎是恒定的，无论演替阶段。落叶松的光合速率高于白桦。落叶松光合系统中的光氧化应激程度（因低温和/或低降水而放大）比桦木小。白桦比落叶松产生更多的幼苗，但死亡率比落叶松随着演替的进行。同时，白桦以无性系生长方式在母树基部产生大量的干吸盘。这些结果表明，白桦在演替早期具有优势的生殖和生存策略，而落叶松在演替后期具有优势的生殖和生存策略。因此，我们可以得出结论，落叶松可以在堪察加半岛北方森林的优势种，而白桦可以形成一个早期演替的森林在压力条件下（低温，低降水量）后，大规模的干扰，如森林火灾在堪察加半岛。

项目成果

Homma, K.: "Regeneration processes of a boreal forest in Kamchatka with special reference to the contribution of sprouting to population maintenance"Plant Ecology. 166. 25-35 (2003)

Homma, K.：“堪察加半岛北方森林的再生过程，特别是发芽对种群维持的贡献”植物生态学。

Tree growth and competition in a Betula platypbylla-Larix cajanderi post-fire forest in central Kamchatka

堪察加半岛中部白桦-落叶松火灾后森林中的树木生长和竞争

• 发表时间: 2004
• 期刊: Annals of Botany 94
• 作者: Dolezal;J
• 通讯作者: J

Tree growth and competition in a Betula platyphylla-Larix caianderi post-fire forest in central Kamchatka

堪察加半岛中部白桦-落叶松火灾后森林中的树木生长和竞争

• 发表时间: 2004
• 期刊: Annals of Botany 94
• 作者: Dolezal;J.
• 通讯作者: J.

Tree growth and competition in a Betula platyphylla-Larix cajanderi post-fire forest in central Kamchatka

• DOI: 10.1093/aob/mch149
• 发表时间: 2004-09-01
• 期刊: ANNALS OF BOTANY
• 影响因子: 4.2
• 作者: Dolezal, J;Ishii, H;Hara, T
• 通讯作者: Hara, T

Sone, T.: "Mountain permafrost on the north slope of Mt.Ushkovsky, Central Kamchatka, Russia"Z.Geomorph.N.F.Suppl.-Bd. 130. 167-177 (2003)

Sone, T.：“俄罗斯堪察加半岛中部乌什科夫斯基山北坡的永久冻土带”Z.Geomorph.N.F.Suppl.-Bd.