Species diversity in grassland plant communities

生长、死亡率、繁殖和大小和空间分布的动力学在捷克共和国克尔科诺斯山脉的生长、死亡率、繁殖和大小和空间分布上进行了调查。根据实地和实验结果、物种和遗传多样性的维护机制在理论上得到了调查。我们从每个个体基因中提取了大约2000个样本的DNA，并通过使用DNA-RAPD方法识别的大小和空间位置。We found 450-750 genets per 1 m-D12-D1 of Festuca rubra。它的平均基因尺寸约为22厘米，D12。Festuca rhizomes的克隆增长率为0.2-0.3/年。拍摄的死亡率也是0.2-0.3/年。这几乎是不可能以一种非毁灭性的方式衡量基因的自然性。因此，我们开发了一个新的模型，以估计从上面的统计参数中产生的基因自然。It was sugested that the Festuca population can persist stably if the genet natality rate是4- 10 genets/1 mイイD12イエD1 year。Festuca射击场的克隆增长率和死亡率比率只显示在野外的微小变异。遗传自然可能是受环境变异影响最大的因素。“当Festuca射击的克隆增长率和死亡率在价值高于价值的范围内时，Festuca射击的人口即使在基因自然的情况下也是稳定的，如果遗传基因自然的变化与环境的变化有很大的不同。这也被证明是因为遗传结构发挥了比物种之间竞争更重要的作用，在这里研究的格拉斯兰植物社区的动力学。

The dynamics of growth, mortality, reproduction and the size and spatial distributions of genets of Anthoxanthum alpinum, Deschampsia flexuosa, Nardus stricta, Festuca rubra were investigated in a mountain grassland of the Krkonose Mountains in the Czech Republic. Based on the field and experimental results, maintenance mechanisms of species and genetic diversity were theoretically investigated. We extracted DNA from about 2000 sampled leaves and identified size and spatial position of each individual genet by using a DNA-RAPD method. We found 450-750 genets per 1mィイD12ィエD1 of Festuca rubra. Its mean genet size was about 22 cmィイD12ィエD1. The clonal growth rate of Festuca rhizomes was 0.2-0.3/year. The mortality rate of shoot was also 0.2-0.3/year. It is almost impossible to measure genet natality in a non-destructive way. Therefore, we developed a new model to estimate genet natality from the above-mentioned demographic parameters. It was suggested that the Festuca population can persist stably if the genet natality rate is 4-10genets/1mィイD12ィエD1 year. The clonal growth and mortality rates of Festuca shoots showed only small variations in the field. Genet natality may be most greatly affected by environmental variations. When the clonal growth and mortality rates of Festuca shoots are in the range of the values given above, the Festuca shoot population is stable even if the genet natality is greatly varied due to environmental variations. It was also revealed that genetic structure played a more important role than competition between species for the dynamics of grassland plant community studied here.