Life history of marine mammals and their environunental condition

我们调查分布，迁徙，生长，繁殖，摄食习惯，种群鉴定在世界各地的海豚和海豹。我们还利用海洋哺乳动物样本，对海洋中有机氯化合物（OCs）、有机锡化合物（BTs）、重金属和放射性核素的污染进行监测研究。我们发表了93篇科学论文（88篇英文，4篇日文），23篇文章（4篇英文，19篇日文）和1篇英文论文集。在国际和国内学术会议上，我们做了77次演讲（英语38次，日语39次）。对江豚有害化学物质如有机化合物、bt和重金属的积累研究为江豚提供了有趣的科学证据。自1991年前苏联解体以来，里海面临着严峻的环境状况。1997年、1998年和2000年发生的数千只里海海豹大规模死亡的主要原因可能是由于该物种免疫系统的降低。我们在里海海豹血清样本中发现A型流感病毒（A/Bangkok/1/79/HsN2）。这种流感病毒已经在里海海豹体内活跃了20多年。在不久的将来，全世界的人都可能感染这种病毒。因此，我们需要建立一个组织完善的研究体系。我们研究了通过体外暴露BTs对海洋哺乳动物和人类淋巴细胞的丝裂原诱导反应的评价。当细胞暴露在自然界正常水平时，观察到明显的抑制，表明bt是强毒性化学物质。我们还发现了多种有害化学物质的显著影响。研究表明，我们需要建立海洋生态系统的长期监测系统。

We investigate distribution, migration, growth, reproduction, feeding habit, population identification of dolphins and seals in the various areas of the world. And we also enforce monitoring study on marine pollution of organochlorine compounds (OCs), organotin cimpounds (BTs), heavy metals, and radionuclides, using samples of marine mammals. We published 93 scientific papers (88 in English and 4 in Japanese) with the peered referees, 23 articles (4 in English, 19 in Japanese) and one English proceedings. In the international and national academic conference, we made 77 presentations (38 in English and 39 in Japanese).Accumulation study of hazardous chemicals such as OCs, BTs and heavy metals survey provided the interesting scientific evidence of Dall's porpoises. Since 1991 when the former USSR was collapsed, Caspian Sea faced severe environmental condition. Main reason of the mass die-off of several thousands Caspian seals occurred in 1997, 1998 and 2000, might be due to the lowered immune system of the species. We found the A-type influenza virus (A/Bangkok/1/79/HsN2) in the serum samples of Caspian seals. This influenza virus has been active in the Caspian seals for more than 20 years. In the near future, humans might be infected with this virus all over the world. Thus, we need to establish the well-organized research system for this matter.We investigated evaluation of mitogen-induced responses in marine mammals and human lymphocytes by in-vitro exposure of BTs. Significant suppression was observed when the cells were exposed at normal level in the nature, suggesting BTs are strong toxic chemical. And we also found significant effect of plural hazardous chemicals. This study suggests that we need to establish the long-term monitoring system in marine ecosystem.