Establishment of the scaling rule for explosive eruption and its application to the estimation of hazard distribution

爆炸性喷发标度规则的建立及其在危险分布估计中的应用

• 批准号: 13480117
• 负责人: TANIGUCHI Hiromitsu
• 金额: $ 9.6万
• 依托单位: TOHOKU UNIVERSITY
• 依托单位国家: 日本
• 项目类别: Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (B)
• 财政年份: 2001
• 资助国家: 日本
• 起止时间: 2001 至 2002
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://kaken.nii.ac.jp/en/grant/KAKENHI-PROJECT-13480117/
• 关键词: Under water explosion experiment; Volcanic explosion; Scaling rule; Volcanic disaster; Hazard map; Explosion energy; Explosion depth; Hazard prediction; 野外爆発実験

This research work intends to establish the scaling rule that relates the explosion energy and depth of volcanic explosion to the extension and strength of volcanic disaster such as volcanic blast wave, pyroclastic surge and ballistic fragment.For this purpose, we made some field explosion experiments under both of the conditions on the dry ground and in water. These two years we have concentrated on the underwater experiment for getting the understanding of submarine eruption. The main points of observation accompanied to the experiments are as follows :1.Observation of underwater pressure waves using blast-sensor and underwater microphone2.Observation of shock wave in the air using blast sensor and high-speed video recorder3.Observations of water-dome and ballistic fragment usnig visible and infra-red video recorders4.Simultaneous recording of eqrthquake, air wave and visible image of the explosionThe weigh of explosives used (Kiri-dynamite) were ranged from 250g to 4000g, adn the scaled depth ranged from 0 to 2.15 m/g^1/3.Based on these experiments, weconvinced that the scaling rule for underwater volcanic eruption could be also establishd as in the case on dry ground.

本研究旨在建立火山爆炸的爆炸能量和深度与火山爆炸波、火山碎屑涌流和弹道破片等火山灾害的范围和强度之间的标度规律。为此，我们在旱地和水中两种条件下进行了现场爆炸试验。这两年来，我们集中精力进行水下实验，以了解海底喷发。随实验而来的主要观察要点如下：利用爆炸传感器和水下传声器观测水下压力波用爆炸传感器和高速录像机观察空气中的冲击波用可见光和红外录象仪观察水穹和弹道碎片。同时记录地震、空气波和爆炸可见图像。所用炸药（基里炸药）的重量为250g ~ 4000g，刻度深度为0 ~ 2.15 m/g^1/3。通过这些实验，我们相信水下火山爆发的尺度规律也可以像在陆地上一样被建立起来。

项目成果

T.Saito, T.Eguchi, K.Takayama and H.Taniguchi: "Hazard predictions for volcanic explosions"J.Volcanol.Geotherm.Res.. 106. 39-51 (2001)

T.Saito、T.Eguchi、K.Takayama 和 H.Taniguchi：“火山爆发的危险预测”J.Volcanol.Geotherm.Res.. 106. 39-51 (2001)

A.Yokoo, H.Taniguchi, A.Goto and H.Oshima: "Energy and depth of Usu 2000 phreatic explosions"Geophys.Res.Lett. in press. (2003)

A.Yokoo、H.Taniguchi、A.Goto 和 H.Oshima：“Usu 2000 潜水爆炸的能量和深度”Geophys.Res.Lett。

A.Yokoo, H.Taniguchi, et al.: "Energy and depth of Usu 2000 phreatic explosions"Geophys. Res. Lett.. (印刷中). (2003)

A.Yokoo、H.Taniguchi 等人：“Usu 2000 潜水爆炸的能量和深度”Geophys Lett..（出版中）。

K.Litasov and H.Taniguchi: "Mantle evolution beneath the Baikal Rift"CNEAS Monograph Series. No.5. 221 (2002)

K.Litasov 和 H.Taniguchi：“贝加尔裂谷下的地幔演化”CNEAS 专着系列。

T.Ohba, H.Taniguchi, et. al.: "Effect of explosion energy and depth on the nature of explosion cloud - A field experimental study"J. Volcanol. Geotherm. Res.. (印刷中). (2002)

T.Ohba、H.Taniguchi 等人：“爆炸能量和深度对爆炸云性质的影响 - 现场实验研究”J.Geotherm。