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Physical properties, structure and destruction of magmatic silicate melt and their implication to the magmatic process

岩浆硅酸盐熔体的物理性质、结构和破坏及其对岩浆过程的影响

基本信息

批准号：
10304041
负责人：
TANIGUCHI Hiromitsu
金额：
$ 23.42万
依托单位：
Tohoku University
依托单位国家：
日本
项目类别：
Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (A).
财政年份：
1998
资助国家：
日本
起止时间：
1998 至 2000
项目状态：
已结题

项目摘要

The purpose of this research project are : 1. To make the system of measurement of physical properties of magmatic silicate melt both under 1 atm and high pressure, and both under high temperature and low temperature including liquid state, super-cooled liquid state and glassy state. 2. The physical properties we have planed to measure are viscosity coefficient, density and some related properties. 3. To understand the concrete mechanism of a magmatic process, we have also planned to determine the structure of related materials including glass and mineral, and to apply the determination of both explosion energy and the depth of explosive volcanism.Unfortunately, it took one and a half year to construct the system, we could not get enough data for the purpose, however, the followings are the main summary at the present : 1. The establishment of universal viscosity-equation which is applicable to wide temperature rage of magmatic silicate melt based on the WLF equation. This enable us to calculate the viscosity at around 1000 ℃. 2. We have presented a new model of mechanism of an earthquake generated by the destruction of magmatic silicate melt.3. We have determined the viscosity and density of melts of albite and peridotite compositions for the understanding of a magma ocean. 4. We have determined the structure of hydrous ringwoodite. 5. We have suceeded in the determination of both explosion energy and explosion depth of the Usu 2000 phreatic explosions.

本课题的研究目的是：1.研制了一套适用于1个大气压下、高压下、高温下和低温下（包括液态、过冷液态和玻璃态）的岩浆硅酸盐熔体物性测量系统。2.我们计划测量的物理性质是粘度系数，密度和一些相关的性质。3.为了了解岩浆作用的具体机制，我们还计划测定相关物质（包括玻璃和矿物）的结构，并应用于爆炸能量和爆炸火山作用深度的测定。遗憾的是，系统的建设花了一年半的时间，我们无法获得足够的数据，但目前主要总结如下：1.在WLF方程的基础上，建立了适用于较宽温度范围的岩浆硅酸盐熔体通用粘度方程。这使我们能够计算1000 ℃左右的粘度。2.提出了岩浆硅酸盐熔体破坏地震的新机制模型。我们测定了钠长石和橄榄岩组成的熔体的粘度和密度，以了解岩浆海洋。4.我们测定了含水灵伍德石的结构。5.成功地测定了乌苏2000潜水爆炸的爆炸能量和爆炸深度。