Physical properties, structure and destruction of magmatic silicate melt and their implication to the magmatic process

本研究项目的目的是：1.研制一套包括液态、过冷液态和玻璃态在内的常压高压、高温低温条件下的岩浆硅酸盐熔体物性测试系统。2.我们计划测量的物性是粘滞系数、密度和一些相关性质。3.为了了解岩浆作用的具体机制，我们还计划确定相关物质包括玻璃和矿物的结构，并应用于爆炸能量和火山爆发深度的测定。遗憾的是，该系统的建立花了一年半的时间，我们无法获得足够的数据来实现这一目的，但目前的主要总结如下：1.在WLF方程的基础上建立了适用于岩浆硅酸盐熔体宽温度范围的通用粘度方程。这使我们能够计算出大约1,000℃的粘度。2.提出了一种新的岩浆硅酸盐熔体破坏地震机制模型。我们已经测定了钠长石和橄榄岩成分熔体的粘度和密度，以了解岩浆海洋。4.确定了水合环木的结构。5.成功地测定了USU 2000潜水爆炸的爆炸能量和爆炸深度。

The purpose of this research project are : 1. To make the system of measurement of physical properties of magmatic silicate melt both under 1 atm and high pressure, and both under high temperature and low temperature including liquid state, super-cooled liquid state and glassy state. 2. The physical properties we have planed to measure are viscosity coefficient, density and some related properties. 3. To understand the concrete mechanism of a magmatic process, we have also planned to determine the structure of related materials including glass and mineral, and to apply the determination of both explosion energy and the depth of explosive volcanism.Unfortunately, it took one and a half year to construct the system, we could not get enough data for the purpose, however, the followings are the main summary at the present : 1. The establishment of universal viscosity-equation which is applicable to wide temperature rage of magmatic silicate melt based on the WLF equation. This enable us to calculate the viscosity at around 1000 ℃. 2. We have presented a new model of mechanism of an earthquake generated by the destruction of magmatic silicate melt.3. We have determined the viscosity and density of melts of albite and peridotite compositions for the understanding of a magma ocean. 4. We have determined the structure of hydrous ringwoodite. 5. We have suceeded in the determination of both explosion energy and explosion depth of the Usu 2000 phreatic explosions.