Studies on human visual motion perception mechanism using magnetoencephalography and functional magnetic resonance imagng

我们研究了表观运动知觉和二阶运动知觉的神经机制。当许多小圆点图案后面跟着一个相同的图案，但所有的圆点都朝一个方向移动时，人类就会感知到运动。使用这种刺激，我们致力于阐明的时间结构的神经活动有关的这种明显的运动知觉。当受试者执行方向辨别任务时，测量了对具有不同偏移量的随机点图案的磁响应。一个显着的磁响应幅度变化发生了三个不同的峰值时，诱导明显的运动的响应相比，那些诱导没有运动，而没有变化的响应laveli。反应起源总是在枕颞区。结果表明，脑磁图可以测量的神经活动的知觉明显的运动，发生在至少110 ms的刺激开始后，可能是一个长期的研究。 ...更多信息 虽然通常使用亮度（一阶）线索看到移动对象，但是人类可以经由非亮度（二阶）线索感知对象的运动。与以前的病例报告相反，没有生理学研究阐明了一阶和二阶运动过程中所涉及的皮层区域的明显差异。我们研究了大脑的反应，这两种类型的运动知觉在人类受试者使用3-T功能磁共振。我们发现了一个选择性的神经反应，各种二阶运动的后部的上级颞沟（STS）对侧的刺激呈现和线索不变激活MT/V5+。一阶运动没有观察到STS的显著激活，即使其可见性降低到与二阶运动相当的水平。STS代表了感知二阶运动的基本结构，尽管需要进一步的研究来阐明这一区域发生的确切神经过程。少

We investigated neural mechanisms underlying apparent motion perception and second-order motion perception. Humans perceive motion when numerous small dots pattern is followed by one of the same pattern but with all the dots shifted a little in one direction. Using this stimulus, we addressed to elucidate the temporal structure of the neural activity related to this apparent motion perception. The magnetic responses to the random-dot patterns with various amounts of shift were measured while the subjects were performing a direction discrimination task. A significant magnetic response amplitude change occurred with three distinct peaks when the response inducing apparent motion was compared with those inducing no motion without change in the response latencies. The response origin was always within the occipitotemporal area. The results indicate that the neural activity for the perception of apparent motion can be measured by MEG that occur at least 110 ms after the stimulus onset possi … More bly in the human MT+.While moving objects are usually seen using luminance (first-order) cues, humans can perceive the motion of objects via non-luminance (second-order) cues. Contrary to previous case reports, no physiological studies have elucidated distinct differences in the cortical regions involved in first- and second-order motion processes. We investigated brain responses related to these two types of motion perception in human subjects using 3-T functional magnetic resonance. We found a selective neural response to various second-order motions in the posterior part of the superior temporal sulcus (STS) contralateral to stimulus presentation and cue-invariant activation of MT/V5+. No significant activation in the STS was observed by the first-order motion, even when its visibility was reduced to levels comparable to that of second-order motion. The STS represents the cardinal structure for perception of second-order motions, although further studies are needed to elucidate the exact neural process occurring in this area. Less