Psychophysiological study on the relationship between attention mechanism and athletic performance

本研究从心理生理学的角度探讨了注意机制与运动表现之间的关系。起初，由于太极拳被认为可以增强认知功能，尤其是注意力控制，因此研究人员对有经验的人在练习时的大脑皮层电活动进行了研究。左额半球β频率活动增加，P300出现短潜伏期和高振幅。这些结果被解释为运动引起注意力增强的证据。第二项实验研究：(1)不同运动任务反应时的CNV振幅是否反映了注意控制水平；(2)当注意焦点指向某一肢体时，对该部位的认知是否发生改变；(3)4-6岁儿童运动能力的发展是否改变了对身体的认知。在复杂的响应任务下，CNV振幅的增加表明在有限的能力下注意力需求的增加。但是，一旦由于复杂响应引起的任务注意力需求超过极限，则CNV振幅迅速下降。感觉诱发电位（SEP）结果显示，肢体知觉被高估，SEP潜伏期与肢体知觉评分呈倒u型关系。从发展的角度来看，运动能力和持续的注意力反映在他自己的身体上。本研究的累积证据表明，需要对注意力的心理生理进行更多的研究，以进一步推进对其机制的理解。

This study was conducted to examine the relationship between attention mechanism and motor performance from the point of psychophysiological research. At first, as Tai chi is considered to enhance cognitive function, especially attention control, brain electrocortical activity during the exercise was investigated for the experienced. The increased activity of left frontal hemisphere in beta frequency and the short latency and the high amplitude of P300 were observed. These results were interpreted as the evidence of the enhanced attention triggered by exercise. The second experiment was conducted to examine : (1)whether the CNV amplitude during the response of different motor task reflected the level of attention control, (2)whether if the focus of attention was directed to the certain limb, the cognition of that part was changed, (3)whether the development of motor ability modified the cognition of body at the age of 4-6yrs.The increased CNV amplitude with the complex response task indicated the increased demand of attention in limited capacity. But once the attention demand of the task because of complex response was over the limit of capacity, then CNV amplitude was rapidly decreased. The results of sensory evoked potentials(SEP) showed that the cognition of limb, turned to, was overestimated and the relationship between latency of SEP and perceived rating of limb was inverted U-shaped. From point of development, it was clarified that motor ability and sustained attention was reflected on the drawing of his own body. The cumulative evidence of this study showed that the more psychophysiological research of attention is needed to further advance understanding of the mechanism.