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Psychophysiological study on the relationship between attention mechanism and athletic performance

注意机制与运动成绩关系的心理生理研究

基本信息

批准号：
15500443
负责人：
SAKUMA Haruo
金额：
$ 2.43万
依托单位：
Nara Women's University
依托单位国家：
日本
项目类别：
Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (C)
财政年份：
2003
资助国家：
日本
起止时间：
2003 至 2004
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://kaken.nii.ac.jp/en/grant/KAKENHI-PROJECT-15500443/
关键词：
attention EEG P300 Tai chi SEP CNV cognitive function

项目摘要

This study was conducted to examine the relationship between attention mechanism and motor performance from the point of psychophysiological research. At first, as Tai chi is considered to enhance cognitive function, especially attention control, brain electrocortical activity during the exercise was investigated for the experienced. The increased activity of left frontal hemisphere in beta frequency and the short latency and the high amplitude of P300 were observed. These results were interpreted as the evidence of the enhanced attention triggered by exercise. The second experiment was conducted to examine : (1)whether the CNV amplitude during the response of different motor task reflected the level of attention control, (2)whether if the focus of attention was directed to the certain limb, the cognition of that part was changed, (3)whether the development of motor ability modified the cognition of body at the age of 4-6yrs.The increased CNV amplitude with the complex response task indicated the increased demand of attention in limited capacity. But once the attention demand of the task because of complex response was over the limit of capacity, then CNV amplitude was rapidly decreased. The results of sensory evoked potentials(SEP) showed that the cognition of limb, turned to, was overestimated and the relationship between latency of SEP and perceived rating of limb was inverted U-shaped. From point of development, it was clarified that motor ability and sustained attention was reflected on the drawing of his own body. The cumulative evidence of this study showed that the more psychophysiological research of attention is needed to further advance understanding of the mechanism.

本研究从心理生理学的角度探讨注意机制与运动成绩的关系。首先，由于太极拳被认为可以增强认知功能，特别是注意力控制，因此研究了有经验的人在锻炼期间的大脑皮层电活动。左额叶β频率活动增加，P300潜伏期短，波幅高。这些结果被解释为运动引发的注意力增强的证据。进行第二个实验以检查：（1）不同运动任务反应过程中CNV的幅值是否反映了注意控制的水平;（2）如果注意力集中在某个肢体上，该肢体的认知是否发生了变化;（3）运动能力的发展是否在4岁时改变了对身体的认知; 6岁时，复杂反应任务的CNV波幅增加，提示在有限容量条件下注意力需求增加。但当复杂反应引起的注意需求超过容量极限时，CNV幅值迅速下降。感觉诱发电位（SEP）结果显示，肢体认知被高估，SEP潜伏期与肢体认知等级呈倒U型关系。从发展的角度来看，阐明了运动能力和持续注意力反映在他自己的身体的绘画上。这项研究的累积证据表明，需要更多的注意的心理生理学研究，以进一步推进对机制的理解。