The study of the identities of ancient Greeks toward their communities from a diachronic point of view

20世纪80年代以来，随着语言学转向、后现代主义、性别研究等运动的兴起，S的研究范式发生了变化，这一变化也迫使我们重新审视希腊罗马世界。我考虑到了这些运动，目的是通过重新思考古希腊人对哪些社区拥有身份来重新研究希腊人。因为在这个研究的过程中，我意识到除了城邦之外还有许多种类的社区，这通常被认为是希腊人的体现。首先，我应该考虑奎伦人的性质。许多年过去了，人们指出了历史研究实证性方法的内在缺陷。我重新考虑了有关古典希腊形象的来源，考虑到了上面的这些批评。由此可见，古希腊人无处不在的形象在很多方面都是在罗马帝国的统治下创造出来的。所以，这个…更多的研究考察了罗马统治时代自己历史的身份和观念对塑造希腊人普遍形象的影响，这一研究似乎清楚地表明，罗马帝国统治下的希腊人归因于它的希腊性与罗马征服希腊之前的希腊人所具有的希腊性是不同的。因此，本研究从历时的角度分析了他们对希腊性认识的变化，从古希腊时期到罗马时期，特别是考虑到过去被忽视的希腊化时期的情况，对希腊性的根本性质进行了重新思考。人们认识到，如果将我们自己对现代国家的看法应用于承认希腊社区的性质，我们将误解希腊社区的特征，因为它们的身份根据其情况是可变的。似乎存在着各种各样的共同体，古希腊人通过共同参与各种宗教仪式，同步地拥有了各种身份。最后，本研究得出结论，这是希腊人的一种特征。因此，强调各种古希腊社会中宗教联系的非理性方面，对于希腊人的研究是不可或缺的。较少

The movements of the linguistic turn, the postmodemism and the gender studies etc. have caused the change of the paradigm since 1980's. This change also has forced us to revise our perceptions of Greco-Roman world. I have taken these movements into consideration and aimed to research the Greekness afresh by reconsidering toward which communities ancient Greeks had had the identities. For I have realized in the process of this reserch that there were many kinds of communities besides polis which has generally been regarded as the embodiment of the Greekness.First of all, I ought to consider the nature of the Quellen. Many years have passed since inrinsic defects in the positive approch of historical studies had been pointed. I reconsidered the sources concerning the image of Classical Greece by taking these critiques above into account. As a result, it has become clear that the pervasive images of Ancient Greeks had been invented under the world of Roman empire in many aspects. So, this … More research examined the influences of the identities and perceptions of their own histories in the age of Roman domination for moulding the pervasive image of Greeks, It seems to be made clear by this research that there was a difference between the Greekness which Greeks under the Roman Empire attributed to it and the Greekness which Greeks before the Roman conquest over Greece had had. Therefore, this research analyzed the changes of their perceptions of Greekness from diachronic point of view, which extends from Archaicperiod to Roman period, especially considering the situations of Hellenistic period which has been ignored in the past, and I reconsidered the Greekness of its fundamental nature. It is realized that we will misunderstand the characteristics of Greek communities if our own perceptions of Modem States are applied to recognize the nature of Greek communities, because their identities had been mutable according to their situation. It seems that various kinds of communities had existed, and ancient Greeks had had various identities synchronically through common participations in various kinds of religious rites. Finally this research has concluded that it is a characteristic of the Greekness. So it is indispensable for the study of the Greekness to emphasize the irrational aspects of religious ties in various kinds of ancient Greek communities. Less