Collapse of the Ngo Dinh Diem Government and the Vietnam War as U.S.-South Vietnamese Conflict

对1963年南越佛教危机的分析集中在越南人民对阮政权根深蒂固的不满，政府对S处理他们政治诉求的残酷方式，以及肯尼迪政府试图解决这场危机的失败，表明美国对Diem施加压力的策略很少奏效，因为两国采取行动的前提和目标截然不同，也因为Diem知道美国人除了支持他别无选择。另一方面，美国政策制定者不断将南越政治军事斗争的问题归咎于Diem，这是他们决定默许针对他的军事政变的原因之一。肯尼迪政府为打击游击队而采取的反叛乱战略是美国人的又一次失败，原因是对南越政府和军队的极大疑虑，两国之间的冲突，最重要的是，美国人毫无根据地认为他们自己的战争方法无疑适用于越南。然而，它的不足之处甚至在美国大规模介入战争之前就已经明显。尽管许多学者坚持认为，肯尼迪的S打算在1965年之前撤出越南是真实的，甚至是可能的，但他分阶段撤出美国军事顾问的计划是基于一种不切实际的乐观。因此，肯尼迪的S总统任期应该被视为美国在越南战争的一个重要的介绍期。

Analysis of the Buddhist Crisis in South Vietnam in 1963, focusing on deep-rooted unpleasantness of the South Vietnamese people against the regime of Ngo Dinh Diem, the government' s brutal way of handling their political demands, and the failed attempt of the Kennedy Administration for the solution of the crisis, showed that American pressure tactics upon Diem seldom functioned because the two countries had acted on vastly different premises and objectives, and also because Diem knew that the Americans had no alternative other than to support him. American policymakers, on the other hand, continuously blamed Diem for what had gone wrong with the politico-military struggle in South Vietnam, which contributed to their decision to acquiesce a military coup against him.Counterinsurgency strategy which the Kennedy Administration adopted to fight guerrillas was another failure for the Americans, owing to tremendous misgivings of the South Vietnamese government and armed forces, conflict between the two countries, and, above all, ungrounded American belief that their own method of fighting a war was unquestionably applicable to Vietnam. However, its deficiencies were already apparent even before American massive involvement in the war. Although many 'scholars have insisted that Kennedy' s intention of pulling out of Vietnam by 1965 was real and even possible, his plan of phased withdrawal of American military advisers was based on an unrealistic optimism. Kennedy' s presidency thus should be regarded an essential introductory period for American war in Vietnam.