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Inefficiency in the public sector and the limits of privatization

公共部门效率低下和私有化的局限性

基本信息

批准号：
15530211
负责人：
TAKEUCHI Nobuhito
金额：
$ 1.92万
依托单位：
Nagoya University
依托单位国家：
日本
项目类别：
Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (C)
财政年份：
2003
资助国家：
日本
起止时间：
2003 至 2005
项目状态：
已结题

项目摘要

The objectives of this research are to clarify the effectiveness and problems in the process of privatization of governmental business both from empirical (or practical) and theoretical points of view.Regarding the former viewpoint, we have conducted our researches entitled "Merits and demerits of the privatization," (in Ch.1 of our report), "The situation of the privatization in Great Britain," (in Ch.2), "The macroeconomic circumstances in New Zealand and the nationalization of the New Zealand Post," (in Ch..3), "The simulation analysis on the effects of the financial reform," (in Ch.4) and "The disparity on budgetary expenditures between local governments and transfer of tax revenue sources," (in Ch.7). The former three researches introduce how privatization proceeds, and what have been brought about by privatization in Great Britain and in New Zealand in over recent periods. The latter two treat such governmental policies as labor taxation, reducing government bonds and transfer of tax revenue sources and present the insight on privatization both of central and of local governments.As for the latter one, we have done our researches entitled "Privatization and the preference of the government," (in Ch.5) and "Capital accumulation, capital depreciation and the success and failure of privatization," (in Ch.6). Both of these researches, based on the theory of industrial organization, investigate the effect of privatization on economic welfare. In special, the latter explores both the short- and the long-run effects of privatization on economic welfare, profits of the firms, production levels and so on.

本研究的目的是从实证和实证两个方面来阐明国有企业民营化过程中的成效和问题（或实践）和理论观点。关于前一种观点，我们进行了题为“私有化的利弊”的研究，（在我们的报告的第一章），“英国的私有化情况”，（在第二章），“新西兰的宏观经济环境和新西兰邮政的国有化”，（在第二章），“新西兰的宏观经济环境和新西兰邮政的国有化”，（在第三章），（在第四章）。（3）、“财政改革效果的模拟分析”（第四章）和“地方政府间预算支出差距与税源转移”（第七章）。前三项研究介绍了私有化是如何进行的，以及英国和新西兰近年来私有化带来了什么。后两个部分则分别论述了劳动税、减少公债、转移财源等政府政策，并对中央和地方政府的民营化进行了分析。后一部分则进行了题为“民营化与政府偏好”的研究。（第五章）和“资本积累、资本贬值与私有化的成败”（第六章）。这两项研究都是以产业组织理论为基础，探讨民营化对经济福利的影响。特别是，后者探讨了私有化对经济福利、公司利润、生产水平等的短期和长期影响。