Neurobiology of hydra primitive nervous system

(1)水产动物弥漫性神经系统的结构(神经解剖学)对水产动物体内的多肽信号分子进行大规模筛选，鉴定出许多新的多肽，并针对每一种多肽产生抗体。我们利用这些抗体对水蛇神经系统进行了化学解剖。(2)水蛇弥漫神经系统的功能(神经生理学、行为学和所有生理学)我们证明了水蛇的简单神经系统具有与高等动物中枢神经系统相当的能力。我们验证了我们的假设，即水蛇的神经环是高等神经系统的中枢神经系统的起源。我们确定了神经环的一种功能，即协调同时的触须运动、皱缩。(3)水蛇弥漫神经系统的形成。我们鉴定了两种多肽，一种是促进水蛇神经分化的Hym355，另一种是抑制水蛇神经分化的LPW多肽家族。Hym355是神经肽，而LPW家族是上皮肽。这些多肽被证实对神经干细胞、间质细胞有影响。

(1)Structure of the diffuse nervous system of hydra (neuroanatomy)Large scale screening of peptide signal molecules in hydra, many novel peptides were identified We produced antibodies against every peptides. Using these antibodies, we did chemical anatomy of hydra nervous system.(2)Function of the diffuse nervous system of hydra (neurophysiology, behaviorall physidogy)We demonstrated that the simple nervous system of hydra had abilities comparable to central nervous system of the higher animals. We examined our hypothesis nerve ring in hydra is the originn of the central nervous system of higher nervous system We identified a function of the nerve ring, which was the coordination of the simulutanous tentacle movement, crumpling..(3)Formation of the diffuse nmous system of hydra (developmental neurobiology)We identified two types of peptides, one is Hym355 activating nerve differentiation of hydra, and the other is LPW peptide family inhibiting nerve differentiation of hydra. Hym355 was a neuropeptide, but LPW family was epitheliopeptides. These peptides were demonstrated to affect on the nerve stem cells, interstitial celsl.