Neurobiology of hydra primitive nervous system

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(1) Nerve Ring of the Hypostome in Hydrals It an Origin of the Central Nervous System of Bilaterian Animals?A hypothesis, 'the nerve ring in hydra shares a common origin with the central nervous system in bilaterian animals', was examined. Considering all the information available, the hypothesis is highly possible.(2) Function of the difuuse nervous system of hydra (neurophysiology, behavioral physiology)We demonstrated that the simple nervous system of hydra had abilities comparable to central nervous system of the higher animals. We examined our hypothesis : nerve ring in hydra is the origin of the central nervous system of higher nervous system. We identified a function of the nerve ring, which was the coordination of the simulutanous tentacle movement, crumpling..(3) Is origin of the neurotransmitter is not classical transmitters, but neuroprptides?We have many experimental evidences which show peptides work as neurotransmitter. However, we could not get any evidences that classical neurotransmitter, such as monoamines or acetylcholine works as neurotransmitter in the diffuse nervous system. NO also dose not work as neuroactive substances between neurons, but locates in the muscle cells.,