MOLECULAR MECHANISMS OF THE NERVE NET FORMATION IN HYDRA PRIMITIVE NERVOUS SYSTEM

水螅原始神经系统神经网络形成的分子机制

• 批准号: 11640684
• 负责人: KOIZUMI Osamu
• 金额: $ 2.43万
• 依托单位: FUKUOKA WOMEN'S UNIVERSITY
• 依托单位国家: 日本
• 项目类别: Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (C)
• 财政年份: 1999
• 资助国家: 日本
• 起止时间: 1999 至 2000
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://kaken.nii.ac.jp/grant/KAKENHI-PROJECT-11640684/
• 关键词: Diffused nervous system; hydra; nerve net formation; Developmental neurobiology; peptide; Immunohistochemistry; antibody production; nerve differentiation; 神経合化

(1) Large scale screening of peptide signal molecules : According to our peptide project, the following ideas were clarified. (i) Peptide molecules have developmental functions such as morphogenesis and cell differentiation in addition to the well known function, the transmission of neural signals. (ii) Peptide molecules are epithelial peptides localized in epithelial cells in addition to neuropeptides localized in nerve cells.(2) Chemical anatomv of the hvdra nervous svstem usinz neuropeptide antibodies : We produced antibodies to all peptides which structures were identified. Using these antibodies, we did chemical anatomy of hydra, and the detailed anatomical chart covering the whole body was able to be made.(3) Molecular mechanisms of the nerve net formation : We identified peptide molecules controlling the nerve differentiation. Hym355 is a neuropeptide activating the nerve differentiation. LPW peptides are epithelial peptides inhibiting the nerve differentiation.(4) Nerve cell culture system as a bioassay system. We tried to establish the cell culture system of nerve cells. If it will be established, it will be used as a bioassay system to screen neuroactive substances or active substances influences on the nervous system. The present situation is a success of short term culture of single neurons.

(1)肽信号分子的大规模筛选：根据我们的肽项目，阐明了以下思路。(i)肽分子除了具有众所周知的神经信号传递功能外，还具有发育功能，如形态发生和细胞分化。(ii)肽分子是除了定位于神经细胞中的神经肽之外的定位于上皮细胞中的上皮肽。(2)用神经肽抗体对大鼠神经系统进行化学解剖：我们制备了所有结构已被鉴定的肽的抗体。利用这些抗体，我们对水螅进行了化学解剖，并制作了覆盖全身的详细解剖图。(3)神经网络形成的分子机制：我们鉴定了控制神经分化的肽分子。Hym355是激活神经分化的神经肽。LPW肽是抑制神经分化的上皮肽。(4)作为生物测定系统的神经细胞培养系统。我们尝试建立神经细胞的细胞培养体系。如果它将被建立，它将被用作生物测定系统，以筛选神经活性物质或活性物质对神经系统的影响。目前的情况是单个神经元的短期培养是成功的。

项目成果

To Takahashi: "A novel neuropeptide, Hym355, positively regulates neuron differentiation in hydra."Development. 127. 997-1005 (2000)

高桥说：“一种新型神经肽 Hym355 可以积极调节水螅中的神经元分化。”开发。

T.Takahashi: "Identification of a new member of the LWamide peptide family:Physiological activity and cellular localization in chidarian polyps"Biological Bulletin. In press. (2000)

T.Takahashi：“LWamide 肽家族新成员的鉴定：奇达里安息肉中的生理活性和细胞定位”生物通报。

小泉 修: "ヒドラの散在神経系の神経生物学"比較生理生化学. 16. 278-287 (1999)

小泉修：“水螅弥散神经系统的神经生物学”比较生理生物化学 16. 278-287 (1999)。

Takahashi, T, Koizumi, O., Ariura, Y., Romanovitch, A., Bosch, T.C.G., Kobayakawa, Y., Mohri, S., Bode, H., Yum, S., Hatta, M., Fujisawa, T.: "A novel neuropeptide, Hym355, positively regulates neuron differentiation in hydra."Development. 127. 997-1005 (

高桥 T、小泉 O.、阿里浦 Y.、罗曼诺维奇 A.、博世 T.C.G.、小早川 Y.、毛里 S.、博德 H.、百胜 S.、八田 M.、藤泽，

M.Inoue: "Localization of the neuropeptide NGIWY amide in the holothurian nervous system and its effects on muscular contraction"Proc.R.Soc.Lond.B.. 266. 993-1000 (1999)

M.Inoue：“神经肽 NGIWY 酰胺在海参神经系统中的定位及其对肌肉收缩的影响”Proc.R.Soc.Lond.B.. 266. 993-1000 (1999)