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Development of measurement of mental health literacy and integrative community diagnosis by GIS

GIS 心理健康素养测量和综合社区诊断的发展

基本信息

批准号：
15590537
负责人：
MOTOHASHI Yutaka
金额：
$ 2.18万
依托单位：
Akita University
依托单位国家：
日本
项目类别：
Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (C)
财政年份：
2003
资助国家：
日本
起止时间：
2003 至 2005
项目状态：
已结题

项目摘要

A questionnaire study was conducted for 2,287 community residents living in H town, Akita prefecture. The following items were asked; basic characteristics of subjects, self-rated depression scale, social support including familial support, perceived psychological stress, stress-coping behavior, subjective health assessment, mental health literacy, access to health care, state of functional decline, attitude toward death and suicide, and demand for mental health promotion. The method to measure mental health literacy by questionnaire was developed that was composed of queries of knowledge and coping behavior for a case of typical depression. Percentage of those who had a correct knowledge on depression was higher in the younger generation as compared to the older generation. A decrease in mental health literacy was observed for persons older than 60 years. Thus, mental health education is more necessary in the aged population.Based on the above-mentioned study, a geographical distributions of mental health indicators in H town were presented. There were geographical differences in depression scores, mental health literacy and psychological stress in H town. The visualization of mental health needs in a community facilitates to make a plan of mental health policies in a community.An another application of geographical information system in community mental health policies was made regarding risk assessment of suicide in Noshiro city, Akita prefecture. By using this GIS-assisted risk assessment of suicide, scientific determination of determination of priority of community intervention was possible.In conclusion, a standard method of measurement of mental health literacy in community setting was developed in this study, and an effective integrative community diagnosis system was established.

对居住在秋田县H町的2,287名社区居民进行了问卷调查。调查内容包括：被试基本特征、抑郁自评量表、社会支持（包括家庭支持）、心理压力感知、压力应对行为、主观健康评估、心理健康素养、获得卫生保健的机会、功能衰退状况、对死亡和自杀的态度、对心理健康促进的需求。采用问卷调查的方法，对一名典型抑郁症患者进行心理健康素养的测量。年轻一代对抑郁症有正确认识的比例高于老年一代。据观察，60岁以上的人对心理健康知识的了解有所减少。在此基础上，对H镇老年人的心理健康指标进行了地理分布研究。H镇居民的抑郁评分、心理健康素养和心理压力存在地域差异。社区心理健康需求的可视化有助于制定社区心理健康政策。以秋田县能代市的自杀风险评估为例，介绍了地理信息系统在社区心理健康政策中的应用。通过GIS辅助的自杀风险评估，可以科学地确定社区干预的优先顺序，从而建立了一套社区心理健康素养测量的标准方法，并建立了一套有效的社区综合诊断系统。