A Study on an Urban Policy for Creating Urban Amenity and Reduction of Environmental Burdens

当今社会正面临着从大众消费生活方式向“幸福”生活方式的转型阶段，“城市舒适度”作为生活质量的关键要素受到高度重视。“城市舒适度”的概念已成为同时追求环境保护和建立人类生活财富的关键学科。本文旨在研究阐明城市舒适度与环境保护共存的政策方案。本研究的目的包括四个方面：1）系统化和衡量“城市舒适度“的概念; 2）对与“城市舒适度“相关的利益相关者进行分类; 3）研究利益与负担之间的理想关系; 1.首先将“城市舒适度”定义为人的主观评价，提出了“城市舒适度”的分层结构; 2.其次，具体分析了学校、林地、以京都市北方地区的寺庙和墓地为例，分析了在京都市中心地区，由于京町屋的积累，邻里外部性使土地价值上升，由于中高层建筑的积累，邻里外部性使土地价值下降的趋势。在本研究所针对的19个学区中，有16个学区维持京町屋与风景保育的永续性，其他学区则维持不了。

Nowadays, the society has been facing to the transition stage from mass consumption lifestyle to "well-being" life with a high regard for "Urban Amenity" as a key element of the quality of life. The concept of "Urban Amenity" has become a key discipline for simultaneous pursuit of environmental preservation and establishment of wealth of human life.This paper examined to clarify the policy package for the coexistence of urban amenity and environmental conservation. The objectives of this study encompass 4 aspects.1)To schematize and weigh the concept of "Urban Amenity"2)To classify stakeholders related with "Urban Amenity"3)To study the desirable relationship between benefits and burdens4)To submit a method for promotion of the consensus buildingIn this study the following results are obtained;1.Firstly, defining "Urban Amenity" as subjective evalue of people, and proposed stratified the structure of "Urban Amenity",2.Secondly, it is practiced to specify the extent of the impact by school, forested land, temples and Graveyard in northern area of Kyoto city and analyzed the tendency to raise the value of the land by neighborhood externalities depending on accumulation of Kyo-machiya and depreciate the value of the land by neighborhood externalities depending on accumulation of middle-high building in the central area of Kyoto city,3.Thirdly, the higher the ratio of other people's cooperation, the higher the selection probability of local residents cooperation, and out of 19 school districts that this study targets, 16 school districts maintain the sustainability of conservation about Kyo-machiya and scenery, but the other districts don't.