A BASIC STUDY ON THE CHARACTERISTICS AND Transition PROCESS OF TEMPLES OF THE HOKURIKU DISTRICT IN THE EDO PERIOD

这项研究分为两个阶段。一个是kenninji学校的木匠，他们在前田家族的北陆地区建造了许多著名的建筑，另一个是在金泽城堡镇的寺町建造的规模较小。Kenninji学派中有两派，前者是sakagami家族其中一个成为了前田氏家族的首席建筑师Daikugashira，后者是移居江户的kohra，作为Daikugashira家族的一员为德川家族工作。问题的关键是，是否有kenninji-ryu的风格，与现代早期的正常设计方式相比，除此之外，这两种木匠之间有可能存在区别。在对两位建筑师进行比较研究之前，必须清楚Kenninji-ryuh的特点是什么。最著名的建筑，我们称之为Kenninji-ryu如下：Myohjyohji寺（主要是五层楼的pagpda，大殿，Soshidoh和Sanjyuh-b…更多的anshindoh）， Nikkoh Tohshohguh（主要是五层楼的pagpda和rininhji大因rebyyoh）和Zuiryuhji（Butsuden）。关于妙知寺的宝塔，需要与中山北经寺、池上本门寺、菅英寺等宝塔进行比较。为了准确地比较属于剑忍派的建筑，最好分析同一系列的建筑，例如，宝塔和大殿。此外，有必要将它们与同时期的禅宗建筑进行比较，以便在禅宗建筑领域做出明确的区分。在本研究中，ken忍派宝塔采用了与中世纪三层宝塔相同的方法测量规划。除了以纯禅宗风格建造的Zuiryuhji（Butsuden）外，以Mikkyoh的平面和Wayoh风格的构图来适应禅宗风格的Myohjyohji大殿是相当困难的。最重要的部分是采用禅宗风格（tsumegumi），以乡绅计划（Myohjyohji-soshidou）的奈津，另一个是使用长梁的内部结构（圆顶空间）（Myohjyohji-soshidou）。三是与屋檐、支架、椽的关系。在江户时代，除了北陆地区以外，其他地区都在使用八幡。与明师寺的正殿一样，永宿（两侧的椽子都放在两个正屋的中心）在江户时代末期盛行于北乡地区。这两方面的特点和决策方法在健忍派尤其是北陆地区尤为突出。少

There are two phases of this study. One is about the carpenters of Kenninji-school who erected many famous architecture in the Hokuriku district under the Maeda's clan and the other is rather small in scale erected at Teramachi in the Kanazawa castle town.There are two flows in the Kenninji school, the former is the Sakagamis one of whom became Daikugashira, head architect of the Maeda clan, and the latter is the Kohras who moved to Edo and worked for the Tokugawas as one of the Daikugashira.And the point is whether there is a style of kenninji-ryu or not, in comparison with normal way of designing in the early modern times in addition to that, there is a possibility of distinction between the two carpenters.Before making a comparative study between two architects it must be clear what is the characteristics of Kenninji-ryuh.The most prominent architecture, what we call Kenninji-ryu are as follows :Myohjyohji temple(the main ones are five story pagpda, main hall, Soshidoh and Sanjyuh-b … More anshindoh), Nikkoh Tohshohguh(the mains are five story pagpda and Rinnohji Dayuhin Reibyoh) and Zuiryuhji( Butsuden). In relation to the pagoda of Myohjyohji, it is required to compare it with the pagodas of Nakayama-Hokekyohji, Ikegami-Honmonji, Kan-eiji and so forth.In case of accurate comparing the architecture belonging to Ken-ninji school it is desirable to analyze the same series of architecture, for example, pagodas and main hall.And moreover it is necessary to compare them with those of the same period in order to make clear distinction in the field of Zen style architecture.In this study, Ken-ninji school pagodas have the same method measure planning which was adopted from the three story pagoda in the middle age.Apart from Zuiryuhji(Butsuden) built in purely Zen style, it is rather hard to adapt Zen style to the main hall of Myohjyohji with Mikkyoh plan and composition with that of Wayoh style.The most important parts adopted Zen style(tsumegumi) is to Naijin with squire plan(the main hall of Myohjyohji), and the other is to the inner structure of Gejin(domical space) by using long beam(Myohjyohji-soshidou).The third one is the relation with eave bracket and rafter. In the Edo era though bracheting system, rokushigake was used all over the place except Hokuriku area. Like the main hall of Myohjyohji, yonshigake (side both rafter are placed at the center of both masu) was prevalent in Hokuriku area at the end of the Edo era.The two characteristics and the decision method of measurement are conspicuous in Ken-ninji school especially in Hokuriku district. Less