A BASIC STUDY ON THE CHARACTERISTICS AND Transition PROCESS OF TEMPLES OF THE HOKURIKU DISTRICT IN THE EDO PERIOD

本研究分为两个阶段。一个是关于建仁寺派的木匠，他们在前田家族的北陆地区建造了许多著名的建筑，另一个是在金泽城堡小镇的寺町建造的规模相当小。建仁寺派有两个流派，前者是坂神派，其中一个成为前田家族的首席建筑师，而后者则是移居江户并作为大冢代之一为德川工作的Kohras。关键是是否存在kenninji-ryu风格，与近代早期的正常设计方式相比，除此之外，在对两位建筑师进行比较研究之前，必须明确建仁寺流的特点。最突出的建筑，我们称之为建仁寺流如下：妙喜寺（主要是五层楼的佛塔，正殿，宗室堂和三条寺b） 关于我们 安新道）、日光东胜国（主要是五层的pagpda和林诺寺大羽轩Reibyoh）和瑞柳寺（Butsuden）。关于妙处寺的塔，需要将其与中山-北京寺，池上-本门寺，Kan-eiji等的塔进行比较。为了准确比较属于Ken-ninji学派的建筑，最好分析同一系列的建筑，例如，佛塔、正殿等，并与同时期的建筑进行比较，以便在禅风建筑领域做出明确的区分。本研究中，建仁寺学派的佛塔，其规划方法与中世纪的三层塔相同，除了瑞龙寺之外，（Butsuden）以纯粹的禅宗风格建造，密教式的布局和构图很难使禅宗风格适应妙境寺的正殿，最重要的部分采用了禅宗风格一种是用方士平面与内景（妙乘寺正殿）的关系，另一种是用长梁（妙乘寺-小石斗）与阁景（穹顶空间）的内部结构的关系，第三种是与檐、椽的关系。在江户时代，虽然括号系统，rokushigake被用于所有的地方，除了北陆地区。与妙乘寺的正殿一样，在江户时代末期，在北陆地区盛行yonshigake（两侧椽子放置在两个masu的中心）。这两个特点和测量的决定方法在北陆地区的Ken-ninji学校特别是显着。少

There are two phases of this study. One is about the carpenters of Kenninji-school who erected many famous architecture in the Hokuriku district under the Maeda's clan and the other is rather small in scale erected at Teramachi in the Kanazawa castle town.There are two flows in the Kenninji school, the former is the Sakagamis one of whom became Daikugashira, head architect of the Maeda clan, and the latter is the Kohras who moved to Edo and worked for the Tokugawas as one of the Daikugashira.And the point is whether there is a style of kenninji-ryu or not, in comparison with normal way of designing in the early modern times in addition to that, there is a possibility of distinction between the two carpenters.Before making a comparative study between two architects it must be clear what is the characteristics of Kenninji-ryuh.The most prominent architecture, what we call Kenninji-ryu are as follows :Myohjyohji temple(the main ones are five story pagpda, main hall, Soshidoh and Sanjyuh-b … More anshindoh), Nikkoh Tohshohguh(the mains are five story pagpda and Rinnohji Dayuhin Reibyoh) and Zuiryuhji( Butsuden). In relation to the pagoda of Myohjyohji, it is required to compare it with the pagodas of Nakayama-Hokekyohji, Ikegami-Honmonji, Kan-eiji and so forth.In case of accurate comparing the architecture belonging to Ken-ninji school it is desirable to analyze the same series of architecture, for example, pagodas and main hall.And moreover it is necessary to compare them with those of the same period in order to make clear distinction in the field of Zen style architecture.In this study, Ken-ninji school pagodas have the same method measure planning which was adopted from the three story pagoda in the middle age.Apart from Zuiryuhji(Butsuden) built in purely Zen style, it is rather hard to adapt Zen style to the main hall of Myohjyohji with Mikkyoh plan and composition with that of Wayoh style.The most important parts adopted Zen style(tsumegumi) is to Naijin with squire plan(the main hall of Myohjyohji), and the other is to the inner structure of Gejin(domical space) by using long beam(Myohjyohji-soshidou).The third one is the relation with eave bracket and rafter. In the Edo era though bracheting system, rokushigake was used all over the place except Hokuriku area. Like the main hall of Myohjyohji, yonshigake (side both rafter are placed at the center of both masu) was prevalent in Hokuriku area at the end of the Edo era.The two characteristics and the decision method of measurement are conspicuous in Ken-ninji school especially in Hokuriku district. Less