Grimm's Fairy Tales and the ancient German Believes

格林兄弟在为《儿童与家庭的童话》搜集故事时，认为在代代相传的童话中，可以找到基督教传入之前的古德国时代的古老神话和信仰的痕迹。通过对各种童话故事的分析，本研究支持了这一观点，并认为这些故事因此可以被用来重建基督教之前的欧洲文化。本研究的一个关键发现是，古代欧洲农业仪式和童话故事中的叙事元素之间存在着基本的相似性。在《灰姑娘》和其他类似的故事中，女主人公用兽皮斗篷和植物来躲避危险，就像古代村民仪式上变成动物和植物来赶走冬天一样。对这些故事和其他故事的分析清楚地表明，来自欧洲偏远地区的古老节日对当时的社会很重要， ...更多信息 对这些故事的分析还发现了对古代德国神话信仰的引用。格林兄弟认为，故事中睡美人塔中的老妇人是古德国大地女神霍尔达，她掌管着尘世的生与死、好运与厄运、丰收与歉收。因此，睡美人在忘记邀请大地女神参加她的生日派对后自然会睡觉。本研究发现，在神话故事《霍尔达夫人》中也有提到霍尔达女神的地方，这个故事清楚地唤起了古代德国人的信仰，即霍尔达（霍勒）奖励勤劳的人，惩罚懒惰的人。研究得出的结论是，西方童话并不是唯一承载神话信仰的童话。比较西方的《公主与青蛙》和日本的《报恩的起重机》，可以发现两种文化之间的一条共同点：古老的信仰，即人类和动物经常会变成另一种。在前一个格林童话中，一个人通过女巫的诅咒变成了一只青蛙，在后一个日本童话中，一只起重机变成了一个勤劳的人类妻子，作为对人类善良的回报，本研究揭示了古代神话信仰与西方和日本童话中仪式的联系。少

In collecting stories for their work Fairy Tales for Children and Homes, the Brothers Grimm came to believe that within fairy tales that had been handed down from generation to generation, one could find traces of old mythology and beliefs dating from ancient German times before the introduction of Christianity. Through analysis of various fairy tales, the study below supports this claim and argues that such stories can thus be used to reconstruct the culture of pre-Christian Europe.One of the key findings of this study is the fundamental similarities that exist between ancient European agricultural rites and narrative elements within the fairy tales. In Cinderella and other similar tales, heroines cover themselves in animal skin capes and plants to escape danger, just as ancient villagers ritually transformed into animals and plants to chase away winter. Analysis of these and other stories make it clear that the, old festivals from Europe's remote regions were important to society at … More large.Analysis of these stories also turns up references to ancient German mythological beliefs. The Brothers Grimm argued that the old woman in the tower of the story Sleeping Beauty is Goddess Holda, the ancient German Goddess of Earth who governs earthly life and death, good and bad luck, and rich and poor harvests. Consequently, it would only be natural that Sleeping Beauty goes to sleep after neglecting to invite the Earth Goddess to her birthday party. This study finds additional references to Goddess Holda in the fairy tale Mrs. Holda, a story that clearly evokes the ancient German belief that Holda (Holle) rewards hardworking persons and punishes those who are lazy.The study concludes that Western fairy tales are found to be not the only ones carrying mythological beliefs. A comparison of the Western Princess and the Frog and the Japanese The Crane that Returned a Favor reveals a common thread between the two cultures : the ancient belief that humans and animals regularly transform into the other. In the former Grimm Brothers fairy tale, a human is transformed into a frog through a witch's curse, and in the latter Japanese tale, a crane is turned into a hard-working human wife as repayment for human kindness.This study thus reveals the linkages between ancient mythological beliefs and rites in fairy tales from Western and Japanese cultures. Less