The Evolution of Criminal Law. Constitutional, European and Criminal Policy Influences on Legislation in the Field of Criminal Law

刑法的演变。

• 批准号: 499372082
• 负责人: Professor Dr. Dominik Brodowski
• 金额: --
• 依托单位: Lehrstuhl für Strafrecht und Strafprozessrecht
• 依托单位国家: 德国
• 项目类别: Publication Grants
• 财政年份: 2022
• 资助国家: 德国
• 起止时间: 2021-12-31 至 2022-12-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://gepris.dfg.de/gepris/projekt/499372082?language=en
• 关键词: Evolution; Criminal; Law.; Constitutional; European

The German legislature amends the German Criminal Code approximately four times per year. Such modifications – and the absence of further such modifications – are shaped and limited by constitutional law, by European and international norms, and by criminal policy decisions. In this thesis, the influences by constitutional law, European (criminal) law and criminal policy on the current evolution of German criminal law are analysed, and conclusions on the (dynamic) level of legal certainty required for provisions in substantive criminal law are drawn. It focuses firstly on an analysis of the restraints and of the stimulations for legislation in the field of criminal law. Secondly, the Europeanized legislative procedure including the interplay between actors and legislative organs on national and European levels is analysed. Thirdly, a comparison of the criminal law guarantee of legal certainty (Art. 103 Abs. 2 German Basic Law) with the general constitutional principles of non-retroactivity, legal certainty and parliamentary prerogatives provides the basis for an analysis whether criminal law provisions may, with the passage of time, become too uncertain and therefore unconstitutional.

德国立法机关每年大约修改德国刑法四次。这种修改——以及没有进一步的修改——受到宪法、欧洲和国际准则以及刑事政策决定的影响和限制。本文分析了宪法、欧洲（刑事）法和刑事政策对德国刑法当前演变的影响，并得出了实体刑法规定所需的（动态）法律确定性水平的结论。本文首先着重分析了刑法领域立法的制约因素和激励因素。其次，分析了欧化立法程序，包括国家和欧洲层面的行为主体和立法机关之间的相互作用。第三，将刑法对法律确定性的保障（《德国基本法》第二编第103条）与不溯及既往、法律确定性和议会特权等一般宪法原则进行比较，为分析刑法条款是否可能随着时间的推移而变得过于不确定从而违宪提供了基础。