Real-World Modeling of Self-Emergent Active Cell

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The main purpose of this project is the construction of "non-equilibrium dissipative"artificial cell models. To achieve the purpose, the following three axes are employed; (i) in vitro re-construction of chromosome, (ii) transcriptional regulation by DNA coil-globule transition, (iii) cell-sized space specificity in the dynamics of membrane, DNA, and protein. The representative results in relation to the cell engineering are as follows; (i) Establishment of the methodology to entrap bio-polymers and substrates in a cell-sized model system. (ii) Unraveling of the scenario on the higher-order structural transition of chromatin. (iii) Invention of the technique of noninvasive and noncontact manipulation of bio-macromolecules by laser. Main results on basic science are; (i) Clear experimental representation on the confined effect of cell-sized space was demonstrated. For example, actin exhibits the two-step transition in a confined space, whereas it shows single step transduction in bulk phase. (ii) Clear evidence was shown on the cross-talk between membrane fluidity and the bulk viscosity.