Formation and Development of the Elite Society in Ningbo from the Perspective of Civil Service Examination System in China

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Having "civil service examination" as our key word, we will draw our attention to the Ningbo area and attempt to reveal the structure of the elite society through the Song, Yuan and Ming periods. The conclusions are as follows. The Northern Song was the time of the establishment of civil service examination system and formation of civil service examination society. The Southern Song was the time of the mature of civil service examination society and regional elite society. The elite society of Mingzhou needed a narrative of own history with own growth. Although the Yuan government abolished the civil service examination, the Mingzhou regional elite society continued and the works of Shi-da-fu in Mingzhou were published as the cultural heritage. The revival of civil service examination system made full mature of the civil- service examination society at Mingzhou district during Ming period. The Feng family especially Fengfang was the representative example of the traditional Shi-da-fu culture in Ningbo.