Shipbuilding and shipping during the high and late Middle Ages - evaluation of the archaeological sources of the southwestern Baltic coast

在过去的15年里，在波罗的海的西南海岸发现了许多从公元12世纪到15世纪的船只。这些发现包括中世纪时期的各种不同船型。除了在北欧造船传统中建造的中小型船只外，特别是发现了尺寸异常大的船只，并结合了北欧不同造船传统的混合建造特征，到目前为止，这是中世纪时期独一无二的，对历史和考古研究具有特别的兴趣。来自波罗的海西南部海岸的考古材料为对中世纪晚期和晚期造船和航海的全面考察提供了一个极好的起点。它们为理解中世纪航运和造船史提供了新的视角。这些材料不仅提供了将研究扩展到德国历史研究中迄今很少考虑的材料的可能性。同时，这也是一个揭示中世纪中欧北部造船和航运演变问题的机会。在这里申请的项目范围内，将从波罗的海西南海岸发现的船舶历史地整合到整个中欧北部造船和航运的演变中。研究材料的核心是从汉萨时代早期到中世纪晚期，从12世纪到15世纪梅克伦堡-福尔波默恩沿岸的船只发现。这些船只的发现将与其他国家的研究结果进行对比。审查的重点将是生产程序、技术转让以及各船在该时期的环境、经济和社会条件下的能力。对这些问题的澄清将通过使用各种科学方法对材料进行广泛的跨学科分析来进行。

During the past 15 years numerous ship finds from the 12th to 15th century AD have been discovered and examined along the southwestern coast of the Baltic Sea. These finds include a variety of different ship types of the medieval period. Apart from smaller and medium sized vessels build in the Nordic shipbuilding tradition in particular the finds of vessels with unusually large dimensions combined with a mixture of building characteristics of different northern European shipbuilding traditions are up to now unique for the medieval period and of special interest for the historical and archaeological research. The archaeological material from the southwestern Baltic coast represents an excellent starting point for a still outstanding comprehensive examination of shipbuilding and seafaring during the high and late Middle Ages. They offer new perspectives for the understanding of medieval shipping and the history of shipbuilding. The material does not only give the possibility to expand the research to source material that has up to now found only little consideration in the historical research in Germany. At the same time it is an opportunity to throw light on the question of the evolution of shipbuilding and shipping during the Middle Ages in northern central Europe.Within the scope of the project applied for here, a historical integration of the ship finds fromthe southwestern Baltic coast into the entire evolution of shipbuilding and shipping in northern central Europe will be carried out. The core of the research material consists of ship finds from the early Hanseatic period to the late medieval time, from the 12th to the 15th century along the coast of Mecklenburg-Vorpommern. These ship finds will be examined in relation to research results from other countries. The examination will focus on production procedures, technology transfer and the capabilities of the respective ships in regard of the environmental, economic and social conditions of the period. The clarification of these questions will be carried out through an extensive interdisciplinary analysis of the material using a variety of scientific methods.