Prehistoric Settlements and Development of the Regional Economic Area (Project 4)

该项目是SINCOS II项目组合中的第4个项目，其目的是收集信息，了解古代人类社会是否以及在多大程度上通过调整其经济制度、社会结构或通信网络，对气候演变和地质过程造成的沿海衰退以及对其自然环境的其他变化作出反应。SINCOS研究小组2002至2005年的地球科学调查清楚地证明了达斯海床以东和以西沿海变化的不同区域发展。生活在这两个地区的人们都在不同程度上受到了这一进程的影响和威胁。对它们的经济战略和文化传统的比较分析为研究和描述海洋景观中的人类行为模式提供了一个极好的机会。空间重点放在梅克伦堡海湾，特别关注维斯马尔湾和作为阿尔科纳盆地和波美拉尼亚湾一部分的吕根岛沿海水域。公元前6000年至公元前2000年(中石器时代晚期至新石器时代晚期)是特别有趣的时期，因为在此期间海平面的迅速上升引起了巨大的环境变化，因此人们不得不不断地适应不断变化的生态系统。由于SINCOS研究小组的水下考古工作(2002-2005年)，已经在这两个地区找到并调查了几个保存完好的沿海遗址。在这里应用的项目框架内，将重点放在几个保存完好和特别科学的重要遗址上的实地工作和对发现的详细调查。对这些地点的评价将产生必要的替代数据，以重建和模拟社会经济系统对这一时期不断变化的地理系统和气候的反应。此外，有必要对中石器时代晚期和新石器时代早期遗址进行本地化和调查，以澄清和概括预期结果。为了我们的研究目的，在应用项目中应该对这些遗址进行适当的详细检查。在公元前2000年至公元1900年期间，由于海洋、湖泊和河流越来越多地被用作交通和通讯方式，但在同等程度上对提取食物资源的重要性下降，没有计划进行额外的野外工作。梅克伦堡-福尔波默恩和石勒苏益格-荷尔斯泰因国家遗产机构的考古遗产档案中记录了几个青铜和铁器时代的沿海遗址以及中世纪早期和晚期的遗址。关于海岸线和海平面根据对这些地点的调查而进行的修改和变化的所有信息将提供给该项目和模拟伙伴项目。

This project forms project no. 4 within the project-bundle SINCOS II. It aims to gather information, whether and to which extent the ancient human societies have reacted to the coastal decline caused by climate evolution and geological processes as well as to other changes of their natural environment by adaptation their economic system, their social structures or their communication networks. The geo-scientific investigations of the SINCOS-Research group from 2002 to 2005 had clearly proved different regional developments of the coastal changes east and west of the Darss sill. People living in both regions have been affected and threatened by this process in a different extent. The comparative analysis of their economic strategies and their cultural traditions offers an excellent opportunity to study and characterize human behaviour models in maritime shaped landscapes. The spatial emphasis is put on the Mecklenburgian Bight with a special focus on the Wismar Bight and on the coastal waters of Rügen Island as part of the Arkona basin and the Pommeranian Bight. The period between 6000 and 2000 cal BC (Late Mesolithic until Late Neolithic period) is of particular interest, because the rapid rise of the sea level during that period has caused great environmental changes, so that people continuously had to adapt to the changing ecological system. Several well preserved coastal sites have already been located and surveyed in both areas due to the underwater archaeological work of the SINCOS-Research group (2002-2005). In the frame of the here applied project field-work on a couple of well preserved and exceptionally scientific important sites and the detailed investigation of the finds shall be focused on. The evaluation of these sites will produce the necessary proxy data to reconstruct and to model the reaction of the socio-economic system to the changing geo-system and climate in this period. Moreover the localization and survey of Late Mesolithic and early Neolithic sites is necessary to clarify and to generalize the expected results. Appropriate detailed examinations of those sites are supposed to be done in the applied project for the purpose of our study. For the period between 2000 cal BC and 1900 AD as the sea, lakes and rivers more and anymore were used as a traffic and communication ways while it's importance for the extraction of food recourses in the same extent decreased, no additional fieldwork is planned. Several coastal sites of the bronze and iron age as well as sites of the early and Late Middle Ages are recorded in the Archaeological heritage archives of the Heritage State Agencies of Mecklenburg-Vorpommern and Schleswig- Holstein. All information on the modifications and changes of the coastline and the sea level based on the investigation of these sites will be available for this project and the modelling partner-projects.