Adaptive strategy and evolutionary trend of pygmy chimpanzees (Pan paniscus)

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This project aimed to analyze the data obtained in the field studies of pygmy chimpanzees (Pan paniscus), which carried out at Wamba, Zaire on three times from 1984 to 1988.1. When two unit groups encountered, affinitive and sexual interactions between the members of the different unit groups were more frequently observed than these between the members of the same unit group. The pygmy chimpanzee community is unique in the societies of Primates and seems to have the same basis of the human community. IHOBE, who participated in the field studies in 1986 and 1988, and KANO presented a preliminary study of this theme at the 26th annual meeting of Japan Association for African Studies. 2. IHOBE studied social relationships between male pygmy chimpanzees and presented a preliminary paper at the fifth annual meeting of Primate Society of Japan. 3. IDANI, who participated in the field studies in 1984, 1986 and 1988, found that each immigrant female selected one particular resident female and that affinitive behaviors frequently occurred between them. He contributed a paper to Folia Plimatologica. 4. IHOBE published a paper concerned with interspecific interactions between pygmy chimpanzees and red colobus on Primates. 5. TAKEMON studied the vocal communications of pygmy chimpanzees and classified the sounds of them. A preliminary paper of this study was presented at the fifth annual meeting of Primate Society of Japan. 6. ASATO analyzed the nutritions of food of pygmy chimpanzees. He and NSOLA, who participated in the field study on 1988, are analyzing the data of vegetation of Wamba. This result will be appeared in Kyoto University African Study Monographs. 7. HASEGAWA and HAYAKI, who participated in the field study at Mahale Mountains, Tanzania in 1988, studied common chimpanzees (Pan troglodytes) there for comparing with the study of pygmy chimpanzees.