权益分类	功能权益	普通用户	{{item.name}}会员
{{category.name}}	{{benefitItem.name}}

Distribution of bonobos and their ecological characteristics.

倭黑猩猩的分布及其生态特征。

基本信息

批准号：
09041160
负责人：
KANO Takayoshi
金额：
$ 17.66万
依托单位：
KYOTO UNIVERSITY
依托单位国家：
日本
项目类别：
Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (A).
财政年份：
1997
资助国家：
日本
起止时间：
1997 至 1999
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://kaken.nii.ac.jp/grant/KAKENHI-PROJECT-09041160/
关键词：
bonobo chimpanzee l'hoest distribution ecology D.R.Congo Tanzania Uganda 種内異変

项目摘要

The aim of this research project was to clarify the distribution and ecological characteristics of bonobos (Pan paniscus) through the comparison with chimpanzees (Pan troglodytes). Unfortunately we could not carry out a field research of bonobos due to the war in D.R. Congo. However, we made studies on the population dynamics, conservation, habitat utilization, and the sexual behaviors of bonobos, using the data we had obtained since 1973.We studied chimpanzees in the Kalinzu Forest in Uganda, and in Ugala, Lilanshimba, and Rukuwa areas in Tanzania. In Kalinzu, we made close observations of habituated chimpanzees, and examined how ecological and sociological conditions affect ranging pattern and habitat utilization. We examined newly discovered hunting and tool use behaviors in the perspective of cultural differences of chimpanzees. We also made an ecological study of l'hoest monkey that had not been well studied in other sites. Furthermore, we carried out a survey of biomass of large mammals in, and evaluated the status of chimpanzees in the ecosystem in Kalinzu. Ugala and Lilanshimba are in a dried region, which are on the margin of the distribution of chimpanzees. By the observation of nests, food remains, and dang, we confirmed the existence of chimpanzees, and estimated their density. Chimpanzees in these areas were using both riverine forest and savanna. On the other hand, Rukuwa is the southern most limit of the chimpanzee distribution. Judging from their nests, the density of chimpanzees was extremely low, and they used only riverine forest. They seemed to be isolated from chimpanzees in the northern areas for a long time, and they might have become a different subspecies.Thus we found many new facts on the distribution and ecology of chimpanzees. We regret, however, that we could not reach to a overall conclusion about ecological characteristics of chimpanzees and bonobos.

本研究的目的是通过与黑猩猩的比较，阐明黑猩猩(Panpaniscus)的分布和生态特征。不幸的是，由于刚果民主共和国的战争，我们无法对矮黑猩猩进行实地研究。然而，我们利用自1973年以来获得的数据，对黑猩猩的种群动态、保护、栖息地利用和性行为进行了研究。我们研究了乌干达卡林祖森林以及坦桑尼亚乌加拉、利兰辛巴和鲁库瓦地区的黑猩猩。在加林祖，我们对习惯性的黑猩猩进行了密切的观察，并研究了生态和社会学条件如何影响测距模式和栖息地利用。我们从黑猩猩的文化差异的角度考察了新发现的狩猎和工具使用行为。我们还对其他遗址没有得到很好研究的L最热情的猴子进行了生态学研究。此外，我们还开展了大型哺乳动物生物量的调查，并对黑猩猩在加林祖生态系统中的地位进行了评估。乌加拉和利兰辛巴位于一个干燥的地区，处于黑猩猩分布的边缘。通过对巢穴、食物残留物和粪便的观察，证实了黑猩猩的存在，并估计了它们的密度。这些地区的黑猩猩同时使用河边森林和稀树草原。另一方面，鲁库瓦是黑猩猩分布的最南端。从它们的巢来看，黑猩猩的密度极低，它们只使用河边的森林。它们似乎与北方地区的黑猩猩隔离了很长一段时间，可能已经成为不同的亚种。因此，我们对黑猩猩的分布和生态发现了许多新的事实。然而，我们遗憾的是，我们无法就黑猩猩和矮黑猩猩的生态特征得出全面的结论。