The Ethnological Studies of Modernization in the Central Andes : Formation of National Culture and Regional Identity in Peru

在安第斯国家，特别是秘鲁，地区分化似乎更加突出，削弱了原有的分层种族关系，这是值得研究的民族学观察和分析。我们的研究是在两个地区-阿亚库乔和库斯科-间歇地从1997年至1999年，以获得控制的可比数据，在各个社会文化方面：造成秘鲁内部地区差异的因素是多方面的，但基本上是由安第斯地区城乡互动的特点所决定的。在今天的秘鲁，现代化进程从城市地区向农村地区发展，同时，安第斯化，通常被称为“安第斯山”（安第斯洪水），自1960年代以来，随着农村人口的迅速和大量移民，这是非常引人注目的。也就是说，秘鲁高原的社会文化传统现在已经成为在城市生活中发挥如此重要的作用，其中一些被接受为全国流行文化的一部分。（剪刀舞）和“retablo”（painted alter），起源于阿亚库乔地区，在我们的出版物中讨论了“历史，宗教，y rituales en los pueblos ayacuchanos”，《森里民族学报告》，1999年，第9期。

In the Andean countries, especially in Peru, the regional differentiation seems to become more prominent, weakening the former stratified ethnic relations, which is worth studying by the ethnological observations and analysis.Our research was carried out in two regions - Ayacucho and Cuzco -intermittently since 1997 to 1999 to obtain controlled comparable data in various socio-cultural aspects : social institutions, religion, folk culture, artistic expression, etc.The factors which cause the internal regional difference in Peru are numerous and complicated, but are basically conditioned by the characteristics of the Andean urban/rural interactions.In Peru of today the modernizing process goes on from urban area to rural one, while, at the same time, the andeanization, which is often called "desborde andino" (Andean flood), is very noticeable since 1960's with rapid and great increase of the immigration of rural population.That is, the socio-cultural traditions of Peruvian highlands have now become to play so important role in the urban life, some of which are accepted as a part of nation-wide popular culture.Good examples are "danza de tijeras" (dance of scissors) and "retablo" (painted alter), originated from Ayacucho region, which are discussed in our publication "Historia, religion, y rituales en los pueblos ayacuchanos", Senri Ethnological Report 9, 1999.