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California's irrigation frontier and Japanese immigrants

加州的灌溉边境和日本移民

基本信息

批准号：
09680154
负责人：
YAGASAKI Noritaka
金额：
$ 1.98万
依托单位：
Tokyo Gakugei University (1998-1999)Yokohama National University (1997)
依托单位国家：
日本
项目类别：
Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (C)
财政年份：
1997
资助国家：
日本
起止时间：
1997 至 1999
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://kaken.nii.ac.jp/grant/KAKENHI-PROJECT-09680154/
关键词：
California Japanese immigrants Irrigation Central Valley Regional changes Frontier Intensive farming

项目摘要

This study attempted to examine Japanese immigrants and their farming activities in California in the context of irrigation development and intensive farming. Looking at the late nineteenth century through the 1920s, irrigation frontiers of western United States were examined based on the US Census. By analyzing the perceived image of California in the late nineteenth century, the advent of irrigation age was presented. Northern San Joaquin Valley was chosen for case studies, which examined the formation of irrigation districts based on the Wright Act of 1887, subdivision of large landholdings, development of intensive farming including dairy, fruits, and grapes. Colonization and settlement of Japanese immigrants were compared and contrasted with those of Swedish and Portuguese immigrants. These analyses combineto depict and explain dynamic transformation processes of farming and community on the irrigation frontier from a viewpoint which differs substantially from the conventional standpoint of the majority.The present study contributed to the accumulation of case studies on irrigation frontiers of western United States, while it verified that the research strategy adopted in this study, i.e. viewing irrigation frontier by way of immigrants, is valid and important. Our findings will also be an addition to ethnic studies of the United State.

本研究试图在灌溉发展和集约农业的背景下考察日本移民及其在加州的农业活动。从19世纪末到20世纪20年代，根据美国人口普查，对美国西部的灌溉边界进行了研究。通过分析世纪后期加州的感知形象，提出了灌溉时代的到来。北方圣华金河谷被选为案例研究，研究了根据1887年《赖特法案》形成的灌溉区，大片土地的细分，包括乳制品、水果和葡萄在内的集约化农业的发展。日本移民的殖民和定居与瑞典和葡萄牙移民进行了比较和对比。这些分析结合起来，从一个与大多数人的传统观点有本质区别的角度，描述和解释了灌溉边界上农业和社区的动态变化过程，为美国西部灌溉边界的案例研究积累了一定的经验，同时也验证了本研究所采用的以移民的视角来看待灌溉边界的研究策略，是有效和重要的。我们的发现也将是对美国种族研究的补充。