Molecular evolution of Theileria parasites in Southern Asia

由瑟氏泰勒氏菌引起的牛疫霉病是日本放牧牛经济损失的主要原因。瑟氏毛滴虫/水牛/东方毛滴虫(T.sergentii/Buffeli/Orientalisgrop)是牛的本氏泰勒氏菌寄生虫，世界各地均有分布。在此之前，我们建立了等位基因特异的聚合酶链式反应方法，用3套根据免疫显性主要引物的核苷酸序列设计的特异性聚合酶链式反应扩增LACH等位基因，这些主要免疫显性引物是根据两个瑟氏锥虫种群Ikeda(1)和Chitose c和一个T，Buffeli(B)Stok，Warwick的主要免疫显性胞浆表面蛋白(P32)基因的核苷酸序列设计的，并将该方法应用于南亚国家良性泰勒虫寄生虫的现场调查。提取寄生虫DNA，用等位基因特异性聚合酶链式反应进行DNA分析。在韩国(济州岛)，所有分离株均含有I型寄生虫和C型寄生虫。而在泰国和柬埔寨，分布的主要寄生虫是泰型寄生虫，不同于毛滴虫/水牛/东方毛滴虫。从泰国和柬埔寨也分离到C型寄生虫和T型水牛寄生虫。在印度和巴基斯坦，泰勒虫的主要寄生虫被称为环泰勒虫。我们希望分离出良性泰勒虫寄生虫，然而，我们无法分离良性泰勒氏菌寄生虫。目前的数据表明，东亚和南亚国家的良性泰勒虫是混合寄生虫种群。

Bovine piropurasmosis due to Theileria sergenti is a major cause of economic loss in grazing cattle in Japan. T. sergentii / buffeli / orientalis grop is referred to as bengin theileria parasites of cattle and is known to be distributed all over the world. Previously, we developed the allele-specific polymerase chain reaction (PCR) which specifically amplifies lach allelic from using 3 sets of olgonucleotide primers designed from nucleotide sequences of major Immunodominant primers designed from nucleotide sequences of major Immunodominant piroplasm surface protein (p32) genes of two T. sergenti stocks, Ikeda (1) and Chitose c and one t, buffeli (B) stok, Warwick, and appled the method to the field survey of benign theileria parasites in southern asian countries.During 2 years, we have collected blood samples from the following countries : Korea (Cheju island), Thailand, Cambodia, India, Paklstan, Vietnam and China. Parasites DNA was extracted and the DNA was analyzed by using allele-specific PCR. In Korea (Cheju island), all the isolates contained I type parasites as well as C type parasites. However In Thailand and Cambodia, Major parasites distributed there countries were Thai type parasites, different from T. sergentii /buffeli / orientalis. C type parasites and T, buffeli type parasites were also isolated from Thailand and Cambodia. In India and Pakistan, major theileria parasites are known as T. annulata. We expected to isolate benign theileria parasites, however, we could not isolate benign theileria parasites. The present data showed that benign theileria parasites in east and Southern asian countries were mixed parasites populations.