A basic study on the development of diagnostic and treatment for periodontal diseases using monoclonal antibodies against human periodonopathic bacteria.

牙龈类杆菌被认为是引起成人牙周炎的致病因素。在我们的实验室中，成人牙周炎患者的抗体水平随着细菌浓度的升高而升高。本研究旨在通过用单抗进行免疫印迹分析，确定哪些表面抗原可用于检测血清中的微生物抗体。几乎所有患者的血清都能与超声抗原、玻璃微珠提取的抗原和细胞的附着因子(血凝素)反应。大多数成人牙周炎血清与血凝素反应强烈，但抗脂多糖和囊膜抗原抗体水平有较大差异。用微量ELISA法测定抗牙周炎杆菌的特异性免疫球蛋白。抗这些抗原的免疫球蛋白水平与牙槽骨丢失程度呈统计学正相关。另一方面，在针对抗原的抗体水平和口袋深度之间没有发现明显的相关性。用免疫印迹法检测与血凝素反应的患者血清。健康人的血清不与这些抗原反应。有趣的是，大多数成人牙周炎患者的血清具有较高的血凝素抗体水平。这一结果表明，额外的表面结构，如血凝素，参与了牙龈假单胞菌定植和抗原刺激的第一步。目前的研究结果强调在成人牙周炎的早期阶段使用血凝素来检测抗牙周炎杆菌抗体。

Bacteroides gingivalis has been recognized as causing adult periodontitis. Antibody elevations in adult patients with periodontitis in response to the concentration of the organisms have been reported in our labolatory. The present research was done to determine which surface antigens was useful in detecting serum antibody to the microorganisms by immunoblotting analysis with monoclonal antibodies. Almost all sera obtained from the patients reacted with sonicate antigen, glass-beads extracted antige, and attachment factor(hemagglutinin) of the cells. Most sera from adult periodontitis sera reacted strongly with hemagglutinin, but a considerable variation in antibody levels against lipopolysaccharide(LPS) and capsular antigen was found. The specific IgG level to B. gingivalis was determined by a micro ELISA. A statistically positive correlation was found between IgG levels against the antigens and the degree of alveolar bone loss. On the other hand, no significant correlation was found between the antibody levels against the antigens and pocket depth. The sera obtained from patients reacted with hemagglutinin were confirmed by the immunoblotting tests. Sera from healthy individuals did not react with these antigens.It is interesting that most sera from patients with adult periodontitis possessed high antibody levels to hemagglutinin. This result indicates that addhessive surface structures such as hemagglutinin participate as a first step in B. gingivalis colonization and antigenic stimulation. The present findings emphasize the use of hemagglutinin to detect antibodies against B.gingivalis during the initial stages of adult periodontitis.