Life-span developmental psychology study on Life satisfaction from fifties to elderly

本研究的目的是分析一些概念的终末期疾病和死亡持有的老年人谁现在生活或谁在过去两年内死亡。对于后一组，通过死者家属的回答进行分析。主要研究结果如下：1. 在一些患有各种不同疾病的健在老年人中，比较了与绝症和死亡有关的概念。脑血管病老年人对死亡的态度、与家人和医护人员的关系均为负向。与类风湿老年人对自己的过去生活有一些消极评价相比，他们对自己的生活回顾的看法相当积极；另一方面，类风湿患者对死亡、家属和医护人员的接受态度更为积极。消化系统疾病老年人和健康老年人在日常生活（包括人际关系）的各个方面都做得很好，但对绝症和死亡的观念不如前两组发达。老年人对死亡接受态度的发展与他们对临终关怀者的态度有关。如果临终看护人是与患者一起生活的家庭成员，例如配偶、儿子或女儿，那么患者对死亡的接受性观念就会得到最大程度的发展。去世老人临终前出现的各种异常行为与家庭与老人的负向关系、对自己生活的消极评价和对丧亲者的焦虑担忧有相当密切的相关。因子分析结果显示，老年人临终和死亡观念的形成主要有三个心理因素。特别是，“生活质量和接受死亡”被认为是最根本的因素。关于已逝老人，有人建议将上述基本因素分为三个子因素。上述研究结果表明，生活质量与对死亡的接受态度的发展有一定的密切关系。少

The purpose of this study is to analyse some conceptions of terminal illness and death held by the elderly who are now living or who died during the last two years. For the latter group, analyses were undertaken through the answers by the family members of the deceased.The main findings were as follows; 1. Among some of the living-elderly who had various different diseases, a comparison was made of the conceptions relevant to terminal illness and death. Among the cerebrovascular diseased elderly, attitudes toward death and relationships with family members and medical staff were both negative. Their retrospective views of their own lives were rather positive compared with that of the rheumatoid elderly who had a somewhat negative evaluation of their own past life; on the other hand, the rheumatoid were more positive in their acceptive attitudes toward death and toward family members and the medical staff. The digestive diseased and the healthy elderly both did well in various aspects o … More f daily living including that of human relationships, but the conceptions of terminal illness and death were less developed than in the above two.2. The development of the elderly's acceptive attitudes toward death was related to their attitudes toward the persons who they expected to be their final caretakers at the terminal stage. An acceptive idea toward death was most developed under the positive prospect of having the terminal caretaker be a member of the family with whom the subject lived, e.g., spouse, son or daughter.3. Various kinds of abnormal behavior seen just before death of the deceased elderly showed a rather intimate correlation with the family-elderly negative relationship, the negatie evaluation of own life and anxious concern over the bereaved.4. Acccording to the result of factor analysis, the conceptions of terminal illness and death in the living-elderly had three main psychological factors. In particular, the factor of "quality of life and acceptance of death" was considered as most fundamental. With regard to the deceased elderly, it was suggested that the above-mentioned basic factors had been divided into three subfactors. The above findings show that the quality of life has some intimate relation with the development of an acceptive attitude toward death. Less