To Examine the Rituals on Rice Forming in Japan and Korea from the comparative Point of View

本研究的目的是从比较的角度考察日本和韩国的水稻种植文化。1)最近的考古研究表明，两国水稻种植的起源分别可追溯到公元前4世纪和公元前6世纪或公元前7世纪。我认为，两国有关水稻种植的许多传统信仰的痕迹可以在当前的叉礼中看到。2)在韩国，一个名为“Chosandanji”的图腾就是一个例子。仪式的特点如下：(1)完全由家庭主妇在她的卧室里进行；(2)她把代表祖先精神的新大米放进罐子里。在日本，“Nandogami”——非常相似的仪式主要在Sanin地区，在“Nandogami”中，家庭主妇通常将大米或未去壳的大米放入卧室的稻草米袋中。3)尽管在两种仪式中都可以看到许多相似之处，但也有一些差异。例如，虽然祖先精神在“Chosandanji”中被认为是重要的，但在“Nandogami”中似乎强调了稻米精神的重生。可以说，这些差异深深植根于两国的传统信仰中。

The Aim of this Research is to examine the iutuals on Rica Farming in Japan and Korea from the Comparative Point of View.1) The Recent Archaeological Studies indicate that the Origin of Rice Cultivation in both Countries could be traced back to in the 4th century B.C. and the 6th or the 7th century b.c. Respectively. I consider that many Vestiges of Traditional Beliefs relating to Rice Cultivation in two countries could be seen in the Current Forkloristic Rites.2) In korea, a Retual called 'Chosandanji' is an Example. Characteristics of the Ritual are as follows: (1) it is conducted exclusively by a Housewife in her Bedroom; (2) she puts new Rice Representing Ancestor-Spirit into a Jar. In Japan, 'Nandogami'--very similar Rituals are noticed mainly in Sanin District, in 'nandogami' a Housewife commonly puts Rice or unhulled Rice into a Straw-ricebag in her Bedroon.3) Though many Similarities are seen in both Rituals, there are some Differances. For Instance, while Ancestor-Spirit is regarded Important in 'Chosandanji' a Rebirth of Rice-Spirit seems to be emphasized in 'Nandogami'.4) It could be said that such Differences are rooted deeply in Traditional Beliefs of both Countries.