Biomechanics of Cells, Tissues, and Organs of Living Organisms

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Structure and function of living cells, tissues, and organs have been studied from the standpoint of biomechanics, and the results have been applied to the development of the methods for the maintenance and strengthening of their function as well as for the recovery from malfunction.The results obtained are :1. Through the studies on the respiratory and circulatory mechanics, artificial organs mechanics, hard and soft tissue mechanics, and bio-dynamics, continuum mechanics was modified for the analyses of nonuniform, anisotropic, and nonlinear living systems, mechanical approach was developed for the biocompatibitity study of artificial organs, advanced novel techniques were reviewed for the observation and measurement of bio-phenomena, and basic methods were established for the study of gas-liquid-substance complexes found in living organisms.2. Mechanical analyses of living cells have been started, and the current trends in cellular mechanics were reviewed and its future significance was evaluated.3. For the scientific communication, most of the investigators for this project attended the ASME/JSME Tissue Engineering Symposium held in San Francisco in 1989, 1st World Congress on Biomechanics held in La Jolla in 1990, and 2nd JSME Conference on Biomechanics held at Osaka University in 1991.4. Based on this project, a new project entitled "Biomechanics of structure and function of living cells, tissues and organs" has been proposed to the Ministry of Education, Science and Culture as a Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research on Priority Area which starts in 1992.