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Optimal Design of Living Tissue..and Engineering Application

活组织优化设计及工程应用

基本信息

批准号：
08044147
负责人：
HAYASHI Kozaburo
金额：
$ 6.72万
依托单位：
Osaka University
依托单位国家：
日本
项目类别：
Grant-in-Aid for international Scientific Research
财政年份：
1996
资助国家：
日本
起止时间：
1996 至 1998
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://kaken.nii.ac.jp/grant/KAKENHI-PROJECT-08044147/
关键词：
Biomechanics Living tissue Residual stress Remodeling Functional adaptation Optimal design

项目摘要

Living organs and tissues are optimally designed, and functionally adapt themselves and remodel in response to change in mechanical stress. The purposes of the present study were to experimentally investigate these phenomena and mechanisms, describe the phenomena using mechanical models, and seek an approach for engineering application.The experimental studies have shown that, for example, : 1) some optimal stresses are needed to maintain the strength of collagen fascicles cultured under not only static but also cyclic load conditions, 2) although the thickness, diameter, and elasticity of arterial walls are sensitively changed by the changes in blood flow and blood pressure, wall shear stress and circumferential wall stress are always kept at normal levels, 3) bone mass, structure, and strength change so as to functionally adapt to activity changes. and 4) mechanical stress changes the phagocytotic activity of macrophages. In addition, the effects of smooth muscle contraction on the strain and stress distributions in the arterial wall were theoretically analyzed considering the contribution of smooth muscle activation to arterial remodeling. Moreover, the safety factors of living tissues were compared to those of man-designed machines.These results have been and will be presented at several international conferences and published international scientific journals and as a book chapter. An international symposium on the functional adaptation and remodeling of living tissues and cells will be organized by the members of this study.

活的器官和组织被优化设计，并在功能上适应自己和重塑，以响应机械应力的变化。本研究的目的是通过实验研究这些现象和机理，用力学模型描述这些现象，并寻求工程应用的途径。1）需要一些最佳应力来维持在静态和循环载荷条件下培养的胶原纤维束的强度，2）尽管胶原纤维束的厚度，直径，动脉壁的弹性对血流和血压的变化敏感，壁面切应力和周向壁应力始终保持在正常水平; 3）骨量、结构和强度发生变化，从而在功能上适应活动变化。机械应力改变巨噬细胞的吞噬活性。此外，考虑到平滑肌激活对动脉重塑的贡献，从理论上分析了平滑肌收缩对动脉壁应变和应力分布的影响。此外，活组织的安全系数与人工设计的机器进行了比较，这些结果已经并将在几个国际会议和出版的国际科学期刊上发表，并作为一本书的章节。本研究的成员将组织一次关于活组织和细胞的功能适应和重塑的国际研讨会。