Studies on Organ Blood Flow Using Ultrasonic Pulsed-Doppler Method in Cattle

本研究的目的是：(1)发展可靠的多普勒技术来观察牛肾脏、肝血管和心脏腔的器官血流，(2)评估多普勒超声在诊断和评估器官功能方面的潜在用途。1)所有检查均采用脉冲多普勒超声扫描仪（EUB-450）， 3.5 MH_z、5.0和7.5 MH_z扫描头为直线型和凸型。对站姿的牛进行超声扫描。2)选择临床正常的犊牛，探讨多普勒扫描的基本技术，包括扫描位置、靶器官和血管。犊牛右肾动脉和肝血管，包括门静脉和肝内静脉，能够检测血流和速度。在成人中，由于肾脏血管离皮肤表面较深，因此很难在肾脏中获得血流。3)犊牛用HgCl_2引起肾脏病变。给予HgCl_2后，测定肾、门静脉和肝静脉血流速度24 ~ 30小时。在某些情况下。肾脏血流速度随肾脏病变的发展而增加，但肝血流无变化。在其他情况下，肾脏的血流量没有改变。因此，通过血流量对脏器疾病的诊断评价存在一定困难。4)扩张性心肌病、心内膜炎等心脏病患者，门静脉和肝静脉血流随充血性心力衰竭的严重程度不同而减少。从这些观察结果中，可以通过测量肝血流来获得疾病早期诊断的信息。

The purpose of this investigation was to : (1) develop reliable Doppler techniques to observe of organ blood flow in the kidney, hepatic vessels and cardiac cavities in the cattle, and (2) asses the potential usefulness of Doppler ultrasound to diagnosis and evaluate organ functions.1) A pulsed Doppler ultrasound scanner (EUB-450) with liner and convex type 3.5 MH_z.5.0 and 7.5 MH_z scan head was used for all examination. Ultrasound scans were performed on cattle in standing position.2) Clinically normal calves and cows were selected for investigate a basic Doppler techniques including scanning position, target organs and there vessels. In calves, the artery of the right kidney and hepatic vessels including the portal vein and intrahepatic vein, were able to detect the blood flow and the velocity. In adults, it was difficult to obtain a blood flow in the kidney because the vessel is in deep from the skin surface.3) In calves, HgCl_2 was administered to produce kidney disorder. After given the HgCl_2, velocities of blood flow in the kidney, portal vein and hepatic vein were measured for 24-30 hours. In some cases. Velocity of blood flow in the kidney was increased according to kidney lesion develop, but hepatic blood flow showed no changes. In other cases, blood flow in the kidney did not change. So, it was concluded that there is some difficulties to diagnostic evaluation of organ disorder by the blood flow.4) In cases with heart disease including dilatative cardiomyopathy and endocarditis of adult cows, the blood flow of the portal vein and hepatic vein showed decrease according to severity with congestive heart failure. From these observation, a information for early diagnosis of the disease may be Oained by measuring the hepatic blood flow.