Role of Macrophages in Atherogenesis

1.为探讨巨噬细胞和淋巴细胞在人动脉粥样硬化中的作用，采用免疫组织化学方法结合电子显微镜观察了人动脉内膜大体正常区域、脂肪条纹和动脉粥样硬化斑块中的细胞浸润情况。在脂肪条纹和动脉粥样硬化斑块包括纤维帽和肩部的病变中，OKM1+LeuM3+巨噬细胞和巨噬细胞泡沫细胞与OKT3+淋巴细胞紧密共存。值得注意的是，巨噬细胞和T淋巴细胞的这种共存在大体正常的内膜的某些区域可被检测到。结果1.电子显微镜显示淋巴细胞与巨噬细胞之间以及淋巴细胞-淋巴细胞和巨噬细胞-巨噬细胞之间存在直接的细胞接触。为了解兔脑动脉粥样硬化的发展过程和初始病变部位，用扫描显微镜对覆盖椎动脉至大脑后动脉的大脑动脉段的背侧表面进行了观察。结果表明，高血压合并高胆固醇血症可导致脑动脉某些易损部位出现动脉粥样硬化。本文研究了巨噬细胞与培养内皮细胞的相互作用。低密度脂蛋白和极低密度脂蛋白可增加巨噬细胞与内皮细胞的黏附。来自高胆固醇血症动物的巨噬细胞与内皮细胞的粘附性增强；时间推移电影显微摄影检查时，巨噬细胞移动更快。我们建立了一个由人羊膜上培养的人脐静脉内皮细胞组成的血管壁的体外模型。

1. To investigate the role of macrophages and lymphocytes in human atherosclerosis, immunohistological methods combined with electron microscopic analysis were used to assess the cellular infiltrates in human arterial intima such as normal areas on gross inspection, fatty streaks and atheromatous plaques. In the lesions of fatty streaks and atheromatous plaques including the fibrous cap and shoulder region, OKM1+ LeuM3+ macrophages as well as macrrophage foam cells were intimately coexisted with OKT3+ lymphocytes. It was worthy to note that such colocalization of macrophages and T lymphocytes was detectable in some areas of grossly normal intima. Electron microscopy demonstrated the direct cellular contact not only between lymphocytes and macrophages but also among lymphocyte-lymphocyte and macrophage-macrophage.2. To assess the development and initial lesion sites of cerebral atherosclerosis in rabbits, the dorsal surface of the cerebral artery segment covering from the vertebral arteries to posterior cerebral arteries was thoroughly examined by scanning microscopy. The results showed that hypertension coupled with hypercholesterolemia induced atherosclerosis in certain vulnerable regions of the cerebral arteries.3. Interaction of macrophages with cultured endothelila cells was studied. Pretreatment with LDL and VLDL increased adhesion of macrophages to endothelial cells. Macrophages from hypercholesterolemic animals showed enhanced attachment to the endothelila cells; they moved more quickly when examined by time-lapse cinephotomicrography.4. We produced an in vitro model of a blood vessel wall consisting of human umbilical vein endothelial cells cultured on human amnion.