Empirical and Theoretical Study on Office Location.

1.本研究从理论和实证两个方面分析了办公室选址的机制。这方面的研究历史较短，目前所取得的学术成果也不多。笔者首先对日本具有代表性的大都市名古屋市中心办公场所的选址模式进行了调查。随着产业结构的推进，在大城市的中心商务区出现了生产和经营分离，出现了许多写字楼。作者不仅讨论了写字楼中的公司，还讨论了提供办公空间的写字楼开发商。办公室的位置模式因公司的规模和类型、总部或分支机构而异。产业结构的升级意味着以服务为导向的活动在经济中发挥着重要作用。办公功能就是在这样的趋势下发展起来的。据说办公室应该设在大城市的中心。然而，在房地产领域，写字楼已经显示出向郊区的相对分散。高度发达的交通工具和交通方式促成了这一趋势。在名古屋的案例中，办公室不仅位于CBD，而且还位于副中心，形成了多核空间格局。笔者试图在假设两种空间情况下，即城市间尺度和城市内部尺度下，建立模型来解释办公室的位置。在城市间尺度上，模型解释了写字楼如何在城市系统中逐步提升。另一种基于可达性的模型显示了城市内办公地点的最佳地点或区域。这些原始模型应该加以改进，以更好地解释现实世界中的复杂情况。

1. This study is to analyze the mechanism how offices locate from the view point of theoretical and empirical aspects. This kind of study has only a short history and only a few academic achievements are attained by now. The author, firstly, investigated the locational pattern of offices concentrated in the city center of Nagoya, one of the representative metropolis' in Japan. In proportion with the advancement of industrial structure, production and management have been separated and many offices have emerged in the central business districts of large cities. The author discussed not only firms in office buildings but also office developers who offer office space. Locational patterns of offices differ with a firm's scale and type, headquarters or branches.2. The advancement of the industrial structure means that service-oriented activities play important roles within the economy. Office functions have developed with such a trend. It is said that officess should be located in the center of large cities. In realty, however, offices have shown a relative dispersion toward suburban areas. Highly-developed communication means and transportation modes help such a trend. In the case of Nagoya, offices are located not only in CBD but also in sub-centers, which makes multi-nuclear spatial pattern.3. The author tried to build models to explain office location assuming two spatial situations, inter and intra urban scales. In the inter-urban scale, model explains how offices step up through the urban system. Another model based on accessibility shows the optimum point or area for office locations within cities. These primitive models should be improved to explain better the complex situation in the real world.