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Qualitative and Quantitative Improvement of Seed Storage Proteins in Rice

水稻种子贮藏蛋白的定性和定量改良

基本信息

批准号：
63860003
负责人：
IWATA Nobuo
金额：
$ 7.62万
依托单位：
Kyushu University
依托单位国家：
日本
项目类别：
Grant-in-Aid for Developmental Scientific Research (B).
财政年份：
1988
资助国家：
日本
起止时间：
1988 至 1990
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://kaken.nii.ac.jp/grant/KAKENHI-PROJECT-63860003/
关键词：
Rice Seed storage protein Genetic risources Breeding Mutation SDS-PAGE IEF ELISA 酵素抗体法電気泳動突然変異 SDS-PAGE 抗体 ELISA

项目摘要

Following results were obtained during 1988 to 1990 under the project, 'Qualitative and quantitative improvement of the seed storage proteins in rice'.(1) About 900 mutant strains induced by the MNU treatment of fertilized egg cells were analyzed for the seed storage proteins by the SDS-PAGE method. 34 mutant strains for the seed storage proteins were selected. Among them, some mutants of new types for glutelin acidic subunits and globulin were obtained together with 57-H mutants and prolamin mutants which were reported previously.(2) About 1,400 rice varieties, which were collected from domestic and foreign countries and preserved in Kyushu University, were analyzed for the seed storage proteins by SDS-PAGE with 15 to 25 % linear acrylamide concentration and isoelectric focasing electrophoresis (IEF). Wide variations in the seed storage proteins were found among these varieties.These mutants and varieties will be promising genetic resources for the improvement of seed storage proteins in rice.(3) Some new techniques were developed to obtain different genetic resources for the seed storage proteins in rice. IEF was very effective to screen mutants related to the structural gene for storage proteins and to evaluate the genetic behavior of them. ELISA was also effective to select the mutants for the protein content of seed.(4) Four types of mutants for rice storage proteins were evaluated to be useful genetic materials for breeding of qualitatively improved rice storage proteins. Mutant lines and varieties carring the different genes for seed storage proteins were crossed with leading varieties to breed new varieties improved the seed storage proteins.

1988-1990年间，在“水稻种子贮藏蛋白的定性和定量改良”项目下，获得了以下结果：(1)用MNU处理受精卵细胞诱导的约900个突变菌株，用SDS-PAGE方法对种子贮藏蛋白进行了分析。筛选出34株种子贮藏蛋白突变菌株。其中包括一些谷蛋白酸性亚基和球蛋白的新型突变体，以及已报道的57-H突变体和醇溶蛋白突变体。(2)对来自国内外、保存在九州大学的约1400个水稻品种的种子贮藏蛋白进行了15%~25%线性丙烯酰胺浓度的SDS-PAGE和等电聚焦电泳分析。这些突变体和品种将为水稻种子贮藏蛋白的遗传改良提供新的遗传资源。(3)为获得不同的水稻种子贮藏蛋白遗传资源，开展了一些新技术的研究。该方法能有效地筛选与贮藏蛋白结构基因相关的突变体，并对其遗传行为进行评价。对4种水稻贮藏蛋白突变体进行了筛选，为优质水稻贮藏蛋白育种提供了有用的遗传物质。将携带不同种子贮藏蛋白基因的突变株系和品种与主导品种杂交，选育出改良种子贮藏蛋白的新品种。