Study on the HousingーForm and Gathering Style of Houses in Snowy Region in Japan

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Housing system should agree with the natural characteristics and various living conditions peculiar to the region. There are a typical housing-form and gathering style of houses in the snowy region. The housing form and gathering style of the northern part of Japan like Hokkaido, Tohoku, Hokuriku a re very different from then of the southern warm regions like Tokyo and Osaka. And we should lay out the urban area as compactly as possible in snowy districts, because the compact city is much rational in all respects. The purpose of this paper is to clarify the characteristics of house form and g thering system of the residential area in snowy regions, using the data of housing research which were carried out in Sapporo, Hokkaido and Takada district, Joetsu, Niigata, and to investigate the proper housing planning system of the residential area.The main feaures are as follows ;1. There is the very typical housing style which are composed of "Machiya" and "Gangi" in Takada, Joetsu. "Machiya" is a traditional urban-typed house and "Gangi" is an arcade which is installed in every "Machiya" and served as a important footway in winter.2. People in Takada have the unique housing maintenance rule (system), by which they always keep "Machiya" and "Gangi" in good condition.3. There is the characteristic housing form in Sapporo, which is built in very high density and equipped with the original roof style for snow removing.4. Many of people in Sapporo and Takada are dissatisfied with the existing snow-removing way. They desire the more suitable housing style in snowy country. It is an urgent subject to establish the typical housing principle and gathering system of houses suitable for the snowy regions.