Moving Activities of the Aged and House Planning for Their Self-supporting Life in Hokkaido

在像北海道这样的冰雪寒冷地区，我们在老年人住房领域存在许多问题。特别是在冬天，由于气候的原因，老人们不得不在这个季节的大部分时间里呆在家里。但入户设计也限制了他们的外出。为此，我们对老年人活动、出入口形式、车库形式、除雪系统等进行了探讨。本研究的特点如下：1）在北海道，老年人和残疾人在冬季外出和走动受到限制; 2）他们外出活动的限制与房屋入口的形式和道路的除雪密切相关; 3）老年人在高层房屋的入口不能顺利移动; 4）在没有覆盖道路的房屋中，5）人们有了一些新的方法来清除引道空间的积雪，如融雪机、道路加热系统、有盖引道等。

We have many problems in this field of housing for the aged in the snowy and cold region like Hokkaido. Especially in winter, old people are obliged to stay at home for a great part of the season, because of the climate. But the design of house entrance causes the restriction of their going out, too. So we some researches about activities of the aged, form of house entrance and garage and snow removing system in approach. The characteristics of this study are as follows.1)In Hokkaido, the people of aged and disabled are limited to go out and walk around in winter.2)The limited activities of their goin out is closely related to the form of house entrance and snow removing of approach.3)Old people cannot move smoothly in the entrance of high-floor house.4)Also in case of houses with no covered approach, it's difficult for old people to go out on a snowy day.5)People have some new means of snow removing from approach space, like snow melting machine, road heating system, covered approach, and so on.