Anthropological Study on the Subsistance Pastoralism and Local Commercial Network in Northern Area of East Africa

东非北部地区自给性畜牧业和当地商业网络的人类学研究

基本信息

  • 批准号:
    02041012
  • 负责人:
  • 金额:
    $ 19.2万
  • 依托单位:
  • 依托单位国家:
    日本
  • 项目类别:
    Grant-in-Aid for international Scientific Research
  • 财政年份:
    1990
  • 资助国家:
    日本
  • 起止时间:
    1990 至 1992
  • 项目状态:
    已结题

项目摘要

This research project was carried out in the Garriland and its surrounding area which is situated in the border area between Echiopia. Somalia and Kenya. The livestock transactions and the activity of medium merchants are analized from the view-point of socio-history and ecology. and then the complex structure which is composed of subsistance pastoralism and transit commercialism will be clarified.1. the socio-historical background of the border area :In this area Borana culture which is characterized by Gada-system. Oromo-Boran language and cattle herding. Amharic culture characterized by Christianity. Amharic language and fortress post. and Somali culture characterized by Islamism. Somali language and camel herding are interconnected in an intricate way. Especially. Somaroid peoples( Rendille. Garri. Gabra. Gura. Sakuye. Garromaro. and Ajuran) have been influenced by these three cultures. and have been compelled to split into several ethnic groups or to reorganize them.2. the network … More of local commercialism :The network of local commercialism is composed of the trade out of the area. that within the area and the subsistance pastoralism. The northward trade which is connected with Addis Ababa. the southward trade connected with Nairobi and the eastward trade connected with Indian ocean are relayed on the border area. The trade out of the area is monopolized by the Somali and Garri merchants. They separate their families into important towns to make lodgements for commercial network. Also. they pursuit for the family business through matrimonial alliance between the trade. The individuality of their family groups and the commercial strategy are preferred to the traditional descent value. The Islamite identity and solidarity makes such strategy feasible.The rural merchants take the trade within the area upon themselves. They separate their families between rural town and mobile settlement so that they can both manage shop and rear livestock. They regard the two ways of life interconnected and compound them to make up the commercial pastoralism.3. the commercial pastoralism :The commercial pastoralism ( the Somali and Garri peoples ) is distinct from the subsistence pastoralism ( the Turkana. Samburu. Gabra and Rendille peoples ). The latter regard the herding way of life as the important element of their identity and live on the rangeland. They tend to sell stock in time of depression rather than boom. Under favourable conditions. they engage in target-sales. where the object is to acquire immediate cash sum for specific purpose. Their stock are shared property in order to promote their solidarity.The former share lslamite value and compound the herding way of life with commercialism. The Garri example commecial pastoralism. They make no more exhaustive pursuit for commercial profit than the specialized town merchants. They are not more bound by territoriality and descent system than the subsistance herders. However. such a way of life should be regarded as peculiar life-style rather than as the eclectic life-style. Less
这项研究项目是在加里兰及其周边地区进行的,该地区位于Echiopia之间的边界地区。索马里和肯尼亚。从社会历史和生态的角度分析了畜牧业交易和媒介商人的活动。在此基础上,理清了由维生牧业主义和过境商业主义构成的复杂结构。边境地区的社会历史背景:在这一地区,博拉纳文化以伽达制为特征。奥罗莫-博兰语和放牛。以基督教为特征的阿姆哈拉文化。阿姆哈拉语和要塞哨所。和以伊斯兰主义为特征的索马里文化。索马里语言和骆驼放牧以一种错综复杂的方式相互联系。尤其是。Somarid族(Rendille.加里。加布拉。古拉。樱叶。加罗马罗。和Ajuan)都受到了这三种文化的影响。被迫分裂成几个民族或者重新组织的。网络…更多的是地方商业化:地方商业化的网络是由该地区以外的贸易组成的。在这一地区和维系的牧业。与亚的斯亚贝巴有关的向北贸易。与内罗毕相连的南下贸易和与印度洋相连的东进贸易都在边境地区传递。该地区以外的贸易由索马里和加里商人垄断。他们把家人分散到重要的城镇,为商业网点提供住宿。还有。他们通过行业之间的婚姻联盟来追求家族企业。他们的家庭群体的个性和商业策略比传统的世袭价值更受青睐。伊斯兰人的身份认同和团结使这一战略变得可行。农村商人自己承担地区内的贸易。他们将家人分隔在农村城镇和流动定居点之间,这样他们就可以同时管理商店和饲养牲畜。他们认为这两种生活方式是相互联系的,并将它们结合在一起,构成了商业牧歌。商业牧业:商业牧业(索马里人和加里人)有别于自给自足的牧民(图尔卡纳人)。桑布鲁。加布拉人和伦德尔人)。后者认为放牧生活方式是他们身份认同的重要因素,生活在牧场上。他们倾向于在萧条时期抛售股票,而不是在繁荣时期。在有利的条件下。他们从事目标销售。目的是为特定目的取得即期现金的。他们的股票是共享财产,以促进他们的团结。前者分享以色列的价值,并将牧民的生活方式与商业相结合。加里是商业牧业的例子。他们对商业利润的追求并不比专门的城镇商人更多。他们并不比维生牧民更受领地和世系制度的约束。然而。这种生活方式应该被视为独特的生活方式,而不是折衷的生活方式。较少

项目成果

期刊论文数量(85)
专著数量(0)
科研奖励数量(0)
会议论文数量(0)
专利数量(0)
重田 真義: "世界の民:光と影-国家と近代化文明のはざま<アリ人>" 信濃毎日新聞 5月13日・14日・15日. (1991)
重田正芳:《世界人民:光与影——民族与现代文明之间<蚂蚁>》信浓每日新闻5月13日、14日、15日(1991年)
  • DOI:
  • 发表时间:
  • 期刊:
  • 影响因子:
    0
  • 作者:
  • 通讯作者:
重田 真義: "Two cultural complexes associated with the folk classification of cultivated plants: Omotic Ari, southern Ethiopia" Abstracts: 11-the International Conference of Ethiopian Studies, Addis Ababa April 1-6. 49 (1991)
Masayoshi Shigeta:“与栽培植物民间分类相关的两个文化复合体:埃塞俄比亚南部的 Omotic Ari”摘要:11-埃塞俄比亚研究国际会议,亚的斯亚贝巴,4 月 1-6 日(1991 年)。
  • DOI:
  • 发表时间:
  • 期刊:
  • 影响因子:
    0
  • 作者:
  • 通讯作者:
太田 至: "「アフリカ牧畜民社会の開発援助と社会変容」『アフリカ農業の問題点』高村・重田(共編)" 京都大学出版会,
太田Itaru:“‘非洲牧民社会的发展援助和社会转型’‘非洲农业问题’高村和茂田(合编)”京都大学出版社,
  • DOI:
  • 发表时间:
  • 期刊:
  • 影响因子:
    0
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  • 通讯作者:
SOGA, Tooru: "Cattle fighting of Amamiohshima Island*" Nihon-minzokugaku-kenkyu. 180. 1-24 (1991)
苏我彻:“奄美大岛的斗牛*”日本民俗学研究。
  • DOI:
  • 发表时间:
  • 期刊:
  • 影响因子:
    0
  • 作者:
  • 通讯作者:
SATO, Shun: "The well of the Garri*" Trial & Error. 117. 11 (1992)
佐藤舜:“加里之井*”审判
  • DOI:
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  • 期刊:
  • 影响因子:
    0
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SATO Shun其他文献

SATO Shun的其他文献

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{{ truncateString('SATO Shun', 18)}}的其他基金

Identification of the upstream regulatory genes specific to the subtypes of uterine leiomyoma without the MED12 mutation
鉴定无 MED12 突变的子宫肌瘤亚型特异的上游调控基因
  • 批准号:
    18K09262
  • 财政年份:
    2018
  • 资助金额:
    $ 19.2万
  • 项目类别:
    Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (C)
The roles of SATB2 and NGR1 genes which were extracted as candidates for upstream regulatory factors involved in the pathogenesis of uterine leiomyomas
提取的 SATB2 和 NGR1 基因作为参与子宫肌瘤发病机制的上游调控因子的候选基因的作用
  • 批准号:
    15K10720
  • 财政年份:
    2015
  • 资助金额:
    $ 19.2万
  • 项目类别:
    Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (C)
Development of enantioselective oxidation of glycerol by microbial fermentation for efficient utilization of raw glycerol and its application to functional chemicals
微生物发酵对映选择性氧化甘油高效利用原料甘油的研究进展及其在功能化学品中的应用
  • 批准号:
    25850064
  • 财政年份:
    2013
  • 资助金额:
    $ 19.2万
  • 项目类别:
    Grant-in-Aid for Young Scientists (B)
Integrated study on the livelihood security network and regional linkage in East African pastoral zone
东非牧区生计保障网络与区域联动综合研究
  • 批准号:
    15251010
  • 财政年份:
    2003
  • 资助金额:
    $ 19.2万
  • 项目类别:
    Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (A)
Sustainability of Ecological Resources in Pastoral Societies
牧区社会生态资源的可持续性
  • 批准号:
    11410084
  • 财政年份:
    1999
  • 资助金额:
    $ 19.2万
  • 项目类别:
    Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (B)
Social Change and Sustainability of Pastoral Societies
社会变革与牧区社会的可持续性
  • 批准号:
    10041001
  • 财政年份:
    1998
  • 资助金额:
    $ 19.2万
  • 项目类别:
    Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (A).
Anthropological Study on the Dual Economy in Traditional Societies
传统社会二元经济的人类学研究
  • 批准号:
    08451070
  • 财政年份:
    1996
  • 资助金额:
    $ 19.2万
  • 项目类别:
    Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (B)
Local Economv and Social Change in East Africa
东非当地经济和社会变革
  • 批准号:
    06041009
  • 财政年份:
    1994
  • 资助金额:
    $ 19.2万
  • 项目类别:
    Grant-in-Aid for international Scientific Research
Anthropological Studies on the patron-client relationships in market distributin network
市场分销网络中顾客-顾客关系的人类学研究
  • 批准号:
    05451058
  • 财政年份:
    1993
  • 资助金额:
    $ 19.2万
  • 项目类别:
    Grant-in-Aid for General Scientific Research (B)
Comparative Study on the Socio-ecological Adaptation Mechanism among Pastoral Peoples in Northern Kenya
肯尼亚北部牧民社会生态适应机制比较研究
  • 批准号:
    63041026
  • 财政年份:
    1988
  • 资助金额:
    $ 19.2万
  • 项目类别:
    Grant-in-Aid for Overseas Scientific Survey.
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