Evolution of mating systems in Angiosperms

在被子植物中已知有三种不同类型的交配系统，即：(1)专性异种通婚（或近亲繁殖），(2)兼性异种通婚（或自通婚）和(3)专性自通婚。本研究从理论和实证两方面探讨了不同的繁殖系统对后代产生的作用及其在种群分化中的进化意义。根据本研究提出的新模型和新理论，对从实验研究和实地观测中获得的新证据进行了检验。以前的群体遗传模型。Lande-Schemske的模型预测了交配策略的进化优势，即兼性自婚，但其进化意义是基于对流产、近交抑制、远交成本、自婚在种群水平上的分化模式的研究结果而重新审视的。举例说明了风铃、小齿草、万里草在交配系统、异交率和性别分配模式上的差异。在野外和实验种群中，研究了闭花配花和裂花配花在具有二态生殖系统的植物中对后代的招募作用。分析了不同环境条件下CH和Cl制种的控制机制。对蛇杖属植物的自交系统进行了研究，并与异种植物的自交系统进行了比较。在这些新的证据和理论框架的基础上，探讨了植物自交制在群体分化中的作用。

Three different types of mating systems are known in angiosperms, i. e., (1) obligate xenogamy (or outbreeding), (2) facultative xenogamy (or autogamy), and (3) obligate autogamy. In the present research project, the roles of different breeding systems for the production of offsprings and their evolutionary significance for population differentiations were investigated from theoretical as well as empirical standpoints. New evidences obtained from experimental studies and also field observations were also examined in the light of new models and theories presented in the present studies.1. Previous population genetical models. and Lande-Schemske's model predicted the evolutionary advantages of a mating strategy, i. e., facultative autogamy, but its evolutionary implications were re-examined based on the results obtained by examining the roles of abortion, inbreeding depression, cost of outbreeding, differentiation patterns of autogamy at the population level.2. Examples were presented based upon the studies on Campanula punctata, C. microdonta, Trillium differentiations in mating systems, outcrossing rates, and sex allocation patterns.3. The roles of offspring recruitment by cleistogamous and chasmogamous flowers in such plant species with dimorphic reproductive systems as Ainsliaea fauriana, A. abiculata, and Leibnitzia anandria were examined in field and experimental popualtions. Controlling mechanisms of CH and Cl seed production under various environmental regimes were also anlyzed.4. Autogamous system of Sceptridum (Ophioglossaceas) was examined and compared with that of anagiosperms.5. Based upon all these new evidence and theoretical frameworks, the roles of autogamous mating systems in plants for population differentiations were examined discussed.