Evolution of mating systems in Angiosperms

被子植物中有三种不同类型的交配系统，即(1)专性异交(或异交)，(2)兼性异交(或自交)，(3)专性自交。在本研究项目中，从理论和经验的角度探讨了不同繁殖系统对后代生产的作用及其对种群分化的进化意义。根据本研究提出的新模型和新理论，还审查了从实验研究和实地观察中获得的新证据。以前的种群遗传模型。Lande-Schemske的模型预测了交配策略的进化优势，即兼性自交，但基于在种群水平上考察败育、近亲繁殖衰退、远交成本和自交分化模式的作用的结果，对其进化意义进行了重新检验。根据对风铃、微齿风铃、延龄草在交配系统中的分化、异交率和性别分配模式的研究，给出了实例。在田间和实验种群中，研究了闭花授粉和杂花授粉在具有二态生殖系统的植物如Ainslaea fauriana、A.abulata和Leibnitzia anandria上招募后代的作用。分析了不同环境条件下氯仿和氯仿种子产量的调控机制。对麦冬属(Ophioglossaceas)的自体受精系统进行了研究，并与无性系的自受精系统进行了比较。在所有这些新证据和理论框架的基础上，讨论了植物自交交配系统在种群分化中的作用。

Three different types of mating systems are known in angiosperms, i. e., (1) obligate xenogamy (or outbreeding), (2) facultative xenogamy (or autogamy), and (3) obligate autogamy. In the present research project, the roles of different breeding systems for the production of offsprings and their evolutionary significance for population differentiations were investigated from theoretical as well as empirical standpoints. New evidences obtained from experimental studies and also field observations were also examined in the light of new models and theories presented in the present studies.1. Previous population genetical models. and Lande-Schemske's model predicted the evolutionary advantages of a mating strategy, i. e., facultative autogamy, but its evolutionary implications were re-examined based on the results obtained by examining the roles of abortion, inbreeding depression, cost of outbreeding, differentiation patterns of autogamy at the population level.2. Examples were presented based upon the studies on Campanula punctata, C. microdonta, Trillium differentiations in mating systems, outcrossing rates, and sex allocation patterns.3. The roles of offspring recruitment by cleistogamous and chasmogamous flowers in such plant species with dimorphic reproductive systems as Ainsliaea fauriana, A. abiculata, and Leibnitzia anandria were examined in field and experimental popualtions. Controlling mechanisms of CH and Cl seed production under various environmental regimes were also anlyzed.4. Autogamous system of Sceptridum (Ophioglossaceas) was examined and compared with that of anagiosperms.5. Based upon all these new evidence and theoretical frameworks, the roles of autogamous mating systems in plants for population differentiations were examined discussed.