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Research on the Economic Structure of Environment and Disaster and its Change

环境与灾害经济结构及其变化研究

基本信息

批准号：
02405006
负责人：
TSUKATANI Tsuneo
金额：
$ 7.3万
依托单位：
KYOTO UNIVERSITY
依托单位国家：
日本
项目类别：
Grant-in-Aid for General Scientific Research (A)
财政年份：
1990
资助国家：
日本
起止时间：
1990 至 1992
项目状态：
已结题

项目摘要

The purpose of this research project is to develop an economic theory for a preventive measure of environmental pollution and disaster,and to propose an international economic policy for the prevention of pollution and disaster,under the condition when a long-term change of the value consciousness is observed among society.In the term of this fiscal year,we started the research by opening the door of the former Soviet Union which had kept its secrecy no only from Western world but also from their people since almost seventy years ago.We also proposed an international policy for the sound development of interdisciplinary cooperation,which was deduced from the study of environmental disaster in the Republic of Kazakhstan and Central Asia. Central Asia,one of the areas in which Japanese culture originated,is witnessing environmental destruction on a scale unparalleled elsewhere in the world.In the center of this region,the Kazakhstan,this destruction has been proceeding since about 1960,t … More o the extent that is predicted that the Aral Sea will have disappeared by the first half of the 21st century.the reason for this is that irrigated agriculture has been carried out over an area of 70,000 square-km with no concern for its effects on either the natural environment or the human population.The accumulation of salt deposits and the resulting abandonment of agricultural land has extended over the whole region encompassing Lake Seban,the Caspian Sea,and Lake Balkash,resulting in a rapid and large-scale extension of wasteland and desert.This phenomenon cannot be regarded as merely a domestic problem for the Soviet Union;it is common throughout the world,wherever large-scale irrigated agriculture is practised. In the end of this research project we arrived at the following conclusions:1.It was the political and economic structure of the Republic of Kazakhstan and former Soviet Union that caused an environmental calamity of the land and its social destruction.2.We analyzed the health damage of the people living along the Aral Sea and Semipaltinsk,a nuclear experimental site of the former USSR.High cancer death rate was observed in the Oblasts of East-Kazakhstan,North-Kazakhstan,Kustanai,ect.An international support for this damage is urgently needed.3.We secured an experimental firm of 100ha at the village of Bereke which was located between Alma-Ata and Lake Balkhash. Long-term survey system was constructed under the cooperative contract with the Agricultural Academy of Sciences from the Republic of Kazakhstan. Less

本研究课题的目的是，在社会价值意识长期变化的情况下，开发环境污染和灾害的预防对策的经济理论，提出预防污染和灾害的国际经济政策。本年度内，我们从打开前苏联的大门开始研究，近70年来，前苏联不仅对西方世界，而且对他们的人民保密，我们还提出了健康发展的国际政策。跨学科合作，这是从哈萨克斯坦共和国和中亚的环境灾害研究推断出来的。作为日本文化发源地之一的中亚地区，环境破坏的规模在世界上是空前的。在该地区的中心，哈萨克斯坦，这种破坏从1960年左右开始， ...更多信息据预测，咸海将在21世纪上半叶消失。原因是灌溉农业已经在70，000平方米-盐矿的堆积和由此造成的农业用地的废弃已经遍及整个地区这一现象不仅是苏联国内的问题，而且是全世界普遍存在的，凡是实行大规模灌溉农业的地方都是如此。在本研究项目的最后，我们得出了以下结论：1.这是哈萨克斯坦共和国和前苏联的政治和经济结构，造成了土地的环境灾难和社会破坏。2.我们分析了生活在咸海和前苏联核试验场沿着塞米帕尔京斯克的人们的健康损害。在东哈萨克斯坦州，北哈萨克斯坦州，库斯塔奈州等观察到高癌症死亡率。这种损害迫切需要国际支持。3.我们在位于阿拉木图和哈什湖之间的Bereke村获得了100公顷的实验公司。根据与哈萨克斯坦共和国农业科学院的合作合同，建立了长期调查系统。少