Analysis of expression of tumor-associated antigen and its clinical application in oral cancers.

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The numerical aberration of chromosome 17 can be detected by fluorescence in situ hybridization in oral tumors and this correlated with malignant behavior of oral tumors. PCNA immunoreactivity correlated with the differentiation and atypia of the tumor cells in squamous cell carcinoma of the oral cavity. PCNA score was significantly higher in the malignant and pre-malignant lesion, and correlate with the degree of dysplasia in pre-malignant lesions. The mean PCNA score decreased significantly after cancer chemotherapy of squamous cell carcinoma. According to this results, the response of cancer cells to anticancer agents may be estimated by consecutive measurement of PCNA. c-erbB-2 oncoprotein is rarely expressed in malignant salivary gland tumors. However, with a limited number of c-erbB-2 oncoprotein positive cases, it was not possible to correlate the oncogene status with clinical behavior of the tumor. c-erbB-2 did not detected in squamous cell carcinoma, but markedly detected in plemorphic adenoma, and especially in the cells which showed invasive growth activity DNA aneuploidy is not specific for malignant tumors and there was significant difference in DNA index between malignant and benign ledsions. KM-93 antigen detected significantly high level in the patient serum of the salivary gland tumotrs, therefore, it seems that measurement of this antigen is useful method for clinical practice.