Analysis of the amino-carbonyl complexes in commercial milk products affected milk allergy

对名古屋市及其他地区幼儿园的1,514名儿童进行了食物过敏调查。患病率为10%，其中40.6%的患儿在1岁前患病。蛋奶制品是主要过敏原。患儿的断奶饮食和哺乳期所用的牛奶种类无明显差异。在有过敏儿童的家庭中，更多的家庭成员倾向于患过敏症。本研究利用单克隆抗体对脱脂乳、婴儿奶粉、巴氏杀菌乳和乳饮料等市售乳制品中潜在的乳致敏原乳糖-蛋白美拉德加合物进行了特异性检测。Meilard加合物检测灵敏度高，在所有8个婴儿奶样品测试，但没有在原料奶ELISA。此外，蛋白质印迹分析表明，高分子量乳蛋白，如乳铁蛋白，BSA和IgG以及酪蛋白在婴儿牛奶中强烈染色的单克隆抗体。乳糖蛋白美拉德加合物也检测到6脱脂牛奶样品的免疫化学。在脱脂乳的情况下，在低分子乳蛋白如β-LG和α-LA以及酪蛋白中观察到单克隆抗体的高反应性。在巴氏杀菌乳的情况下，在LLT乳中几乎检测不到美拉德加合物。因此，该单克隆抗体可用于特异性检测乳糖-蛋白质氨基羰基加合物以及分析食品和食品的复杂混合体系中的乳糖改性乳蛋白。

The food allergies were investigated in 1,514 children at nursery schools in Nagoya city and others. The percentage of diseases was 10%, and 40.6% of patients got sick before the age of one. Egg and milk products were the main allergens for them. The kinds of weaning diets and lactation milks taken were not different among the patient children. In the families with allergic children more members of the families were predispositioned to suffer allergies. Mothers whose children suffered allergies were very fond of foods in their pregnancy and lactation periods.In the present study, we used the monoclonal antibody for specific detection of lactose-protein Maillard adducts as potential milk allergens in commercial milk products such as skim milks, infant powdered milks, pasteurized milks and milk beverages. Meilard adducts were detected with high sensitivity in all eight infant milk samples tested but not in raw milk by ELISA. Furthermore, protein blotting analysis demonstrated that high molecular weight milk proteins such as lactoferrin, BSA and IgG as well as caseins in the infant milks were stained strongly with the monoclonal antibosy. Lactose-protein Maillard adducts were also detected immunochemically in 6 skim milk samples. In the case of skim milks, the high reactivity of monoclonal antibody was observed in lower molecular milk proteins such as beta-LG and alpha-LA as well as caseins. In the case of pasteurized milks, Maillard adducts were hardly detected in LLT milks.Thus this monoclonal antibody is useful for the specific detection of lactose-protein amino carbonyl adducts and the analysis of lactose-modified milk proteins in the complex mixture systems of foods and food products.