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Comparative Study of Domiciliary Care and Community Care in Rural Communities

农村社区入户护理与社区护理比较研究

基本信息

批准号：
04301014
负责人：
SATO Tsutomu
金额：
$ 5.38万
依托单位：
Tohoku University
依托单位国家：
日本
项目类别：
Grant-in-Aid for Co-operative Research (A)
财政年份：
1992
资助国家：
日本
起止时间：
1992 至 1994
项目状态：
已结题

项目摘要

This study is based on feild works conducted at Sawauchi(Iwate Prefecture), Takeshi(Nagano Prefecture), Saku(Nagano Prefecture)and Yamato(Niigata Prefecture). We compare domiciliary care and community care systems in these villages. The main points of this study are as follows : (1)A community care system needs doctors who are devoted to commnuty medical care. (2)A community care system oparates sufficiently only when the coordination of medicine, health and welfare is realized. (3)The best medical organization for a community care system is a clinic which has several doctors and nurses and cooperates with large hospitals. (5)Large hospitals have difficulties to maintain themselves. These difficulties show serious problems which are involved in the present medical system. (6)Woman who cares her family is overworked. (7)A community care system needs volunteer actions. Volunteer actions in this case have a character which infringe the principle of volunteer action as fas as person who engages volunteer actions receives a few rewards. But these rewards are adequate, because person who engages volunteer actions is also aged and needs some money. (8)Necessity of a community care system increases as rural communities break down, but the growth of a community care system needs communities which are active. Therefore, a community care system needs the development of local industry.

本研究基于在Sawauchi（岩手县）、Takeshi（长野县）、Saku（长野县）和Yamato（新泻县）进行的实地工作。我们比较了这些村庄的居家护理和社区护理系统。本研究的主要观点如下：(1)社区医疗系统需要致力于社区医疗服务的医生。(2)只有实现了医药、卫生和福利的协调，社区保健制度才能充分发挥作用。(3)社区保健系统的最佳医疗机构是拥有几名医生和护士并与大医院合作的诊所。大医院难以维持。这些困难表明了现行医疗制度中存在的严重问题。顾家的女人劳累过度。(7)社区护理系统需要志愿者的行动。在这种情况下，只要从事志愿行为的人获得少量奖励，志愿行为就具有违反志愿行为原则的性质。但这些奖励是足够的，因为参与志愿者活动的人也是老年人，需要一些钱。(8)随着农村社区的解体，社区护理体系的必要性增加，但社区护理体系的成长需要活跃的社区。因此，社区护理体系需要地方产业的发展。