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Development of non-invasive and ambulatory monitoring system for cardiovascular haemodynamic parameters inclusive of cardiac output and blood pressure

开发心血管血流动力学参数（包括心输出量和血压）的非侵入式动态监测系统

基本信息

批准号：
05555107
负责人：
YAMAKOSHI Ken-ichi
金额：
$ 6.14万
依托单位：
Kanazawa University (1994-1995)Hokkaido University (1993)
依托单位国家：
日本
项目类别：
Grant-in-Aid for Developmental Scientific Research (B)
财政年份：
1993
资助国家：
日本
起止时间：
1993 至 1995
项目状态：
已结题

项目摘要

In recognition of the increasing need for health maintenance and disease prevention, an attempt was made to develop a non-invasive and ambulatory system capable of monitoring various cardiovascular parameters, naturally including cardiac output and blood pressure, during daily activities in a fully automatic manner. It is based on the electrical admittance cardiography and the volume-oscillometric method. The system mainly consists of (i) a finger cuff with a photo-plethysmographic sensor for detecting blood volume changes and tetra-polar electrodes for detecting the bio-admittance signal, (ii) a portable unit (104x64x32mm, 160g) which allows necessary measuring procedures and control, together with signal processing and data storage in a CMOS RAM,using a single-chip microcomputer, and (iii) data reproducing and analysing unit using a personal computer system. Asubject carries the former two during monitoring Long-term monitoring is made with a desired interval of 2,5 and 10 min preset … More , and after the monitoring the stored data are reproduced and analyzed by the computer, being displayd pulse rate (HR), pulse interval (PI), systolic (SBP)/meanMBP)/diastolic pressure (DBP), ventricular ejection time (Ts), stroke volume (SV), cardiac output (CO=HR・SV), peripheral vascular resistance (Rp=MBP/CO) and rate pressure product (RPP=HR・SBP) as an index of cardiac oxygen consumption in a trend manner.Besides the development of thissystem, a portable instrument for long-term ambulatory monitoring of human posture chnge has been designed, taking physiological importance and usefulness of such information along with cardiovascular haemodynamic parameters into consideration. It is based on the fact that almost all human postures in daily life, e. g. standing, sitting, lying, walking etc., can be estimated from the angles corresponding to the gravitational direction in three portions ; chest, thigh and lower leg. The instrument (58x94x25mm, 130g) includes preamplifiers, an A/D converter (6bit ; sampling interval, 0.1,0.2,0.5,1s), and a CMOS RAM (2MB) for storing the angles from electro-magnetic inclinometers placed on the three portions.Performance, availability and stability for monitoring by these two systems have been tested with successful and satisfactory results. Lots of 24-hour monitorings and data analyzes regarding the interactiive relation among the cardiovascular variables and the periodic construction of their circadian fluctuations using the maximum entropy method (MEM) have also been successfully made, suggesting that each proposed system appears promising as a method for use not only in further advanced basic and clinical cardiovascular researches but also in case of self care at home. Less

认识到对健康维护和疾病预防的日益增长的需求，我们尝试开发一种非侵入性的动态系统，能够在日常活动中以全自动的方式监测各种心血管参数，自然包括心输出量和血压。它是基于电导纳心电图和容积振荡法。该系统主要由(i)一个带有用于检测血容量变化的光电容积测量传感器的指套和用于检测生物导纳信号的四极电极组成；（ii）一个便携式单元（104x64x32mm, 160g），它允许必要的测量程序和控制，以及使用单片机在CMOS RAM中进行信号处理和数据存储；（iii）使用个人计算机系统的数据再现和分析单元。在监测过程中，受试者携带前两者进行长期监测，并预先设定2分钟、5分钟和10分钟的期望间隔，监测后将存储的数据由计算机再现和分析，显示脉搏率（HR）、脉冲间隔（PI）、收缩压(SBP)/平均mbp)/舒张压（DBP）、心室射血时间（Ts）、搏量（SV）、心输出量（CO=HR·SV）、外周血管阻力（Rp=MBP/CO）和心率压积（RPP=HR·SBP）作为心脏耗氧量的趋势指标。在研制该系统的同时，考虑到人体姿态变化信息在生理上的重要性和实用性以及心血管血流动力学参数，设计了一种便携式长期动态监测人体姿态变化的仪器。它是基于这样一个事实，即几乎所有人类在日常生活中的姿势，如站、坐、躺、走等，都可以由重力方向对应的三部分角度来估计；胸部，大腿和小腿。该仪器（58x94x25mm, 130g）包括前置放大器，A/D转换器（6bit；采样间隔，0.1,0.2,0.5,1s）和CMOS RAM (2MB)，用于存储放置在三个部分上的电磁倾斜仪的角度。对这两个系统的性能、可用性和稳定性进行了测试，取得了满意的结果。利用最大熵法（MEM）对心血管变量之间的交互关系进行了大量的24小时监测和数据分析，并对其昼夜节律波动进行了周期性构建，这表明所提出的系统不仅可以用于进一步的基础和临床心血管研究，还可以用于家庭自我护理。少