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DEVELOPMENT OF FUNCTIONALLY GRADIENT DENTAL MATERIALS FOR CLINICAL USE

开发临床使用的功能梯度牙科材料

基本信息

批准号：
05557087
负责人：
WATARI Fumio
金额：
$ 7.94万
依托单位：
HOKKAIDO UNIVERSITY
依托单位国家：
日本
项目类别：
Grant-in-Aid for Developmental Scientific Research (B)
财政年份：
1993
资助国家：
日本
起止时间：
1993 至 1994
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://kaken.nii.ac.jp/grant/KAKENHI-PROJECT-05557087/
关键词：
Functionally gradient materials Implant Biobompatibility Atomic force microscopy In situ observation Mechanical properties Titanium Apatite 歯科用インプラント人工歯根 CIP

项目摘要

To apply functionally gradient materials (FGM) for dentistry and develop for clinical use the functionally gradient dental implants composed of the metal titanium (Ti) and ceramics hydroxyapatite (HAP) were made and tested. HAP,which has the excellent biocompatibility with bone, is brittle and easily results in fracture in the ptactical use. Ti, one of the best biocompatible metals, can maintain the mechanical toughness. The implant was designed to provide more Ti for the upper part where the occlusal force is directly imposed and more HAP for the lower part which is implanted in side the jawbone. After the fundamental research of preparation method, choice of materials, mechanical test and microanalysis, animal test was done to estimate the biocompatibility. The in-situ observation of change of surface morphology of human enamel and dentin immersed in etching agents was also done using atomic force microscopy. The principal accomplishments were as follows ;1.Preparation : Mixed powders with the different composition packed from part to part into the silicon rubber mold were compressed at the pressure 400MPa by CIP.The compact was sintere in the argon gas by high frequency induction heating at 1300ﾟC.2.Mechanical Properties : The compressive and flexural tests were done. The average flexural strength of the FGM specimens was 150 MPa which is approximately comparative to the human bone strength.3.Observation & Analysis : The surface and cross-section observed by optical and electron microscopy showed the distribution of porosity and HAP in the Ti matrix. The gradual change of concentration was confirmed by the analysis of elemental distribution using EPMA.4.Biocompatibility : The implant test into the femora of rats was done to estimate the biocompatibility. Newly formed bone was partially in contact with the implant in the case of Ti, wheras in the Ti/HAP FGM new bone was in contact with the most part of the implant.

为了将梯度功能材料（FGM）应用于口腔医学，研制了金属钛（Ti）和陶瓷羟基磷灰石（HAP）组成的梯度功能牙种植体。HAP具有良好的骨生物相容性，但脆性大，在临床应用中易发生骨折。钛是生物相容性最好的金属之一，可以保持机械韧性。种植体的设计旨在为直接施加咬合力的上部提供更多的Ti，并为植入颌骨侧面的下部提供更多的HAP。在对制备方法、材料选择、力学性能测试和微观分析等进行基础研究后，进行了动物实验，评价了生物相容性。用原子力显微镜原位观察了人牙釉质和牙本质在酸蚀剂中的表面形态变化。主要研究成果如下：1.制备：将不同成分的混合粉末逐份装入硅橡胶模具中，在400 MPa压力下进行CIP压制，然后在氩气中采用高频感应加热在1300 ℃下烧结。3.观察与分析：通过光学显微镜和电子显微镜观察了钛基复合材料的表面和横截面，发现钛基复合材料中存在孔隙和羟基磷灰石（HAP）。4.生物相容性：通过大鼠股骨植入试验，评价其生物相容性。在Ti的情况下，新形成的骨与植入物部分接触，而在Ti/HAP FGM中，新骨与植入物的大部分接触。