TRANSGENIC ANALYSIS OF MAJOR HISTOCOMPATIBILITY COMPLEX IN MEDAKA FISH : ITS MOLECULAR EVOLUTION AND GENETIC POLYMORPHISM

青鳉鱼主要组织相容性复合体的转基因分析：分子进化和遗传多态性

• 批准号: 05404002
• 负责人: HORI Hiroshi
• 金额: $ 10.18万
• 依托单位: Nagoya University
• 依托单位国家: 日本
• 项目类别: Grant-in-Aid for General Scientific Research (A)
• 财政年份: 1993
• 资助国家: 日本
• 起止时间: 1993 至 1994
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://kaken.nii.ac.jp/grant/KAKENHI-PROJECT-05404002/
• 关键词: Major Histocompatibility Complex; Oryzias latipes; class II beta; transposable element; transgenic fish; phylogenetic tree; 主要組織適合抗原系; MHC; HLA; 分子進化; クラスII

Major histocompatibility complex (MHC) is the cell surface glycoprotein which presents foreign antigens to effector T cells and initiates the immune system of vertebrates. MHC genes have been studied extensively in mammals and birds, and it has been known that they have multi gene loci with high genetic polymorphism. In order to understand the evolution of MHC genes in vertebrates, we analyzed the genes of a teleost, Medaka fish (Oryzias latipes), which is the only one species having many inbred strains in lower vertebrates.In this project, we could isolate three types of medaka fish MHC class II B genes by PCR procedure, and compared these sequences together with homologous genes from mammals, birds, cichlid fish and zebrafish. Molecular phylogenetic tree of MHC class II B indicated that three types of MHC genes in medaka fish were separated in the medaka fish branch after separation from common ancestor of zebrafish and cichlid fish MHC genes.To construct a transgenic system in medaka fish, we isolated and characterized a tyrosinase gene as a marker. In this process, we could find a transposable element in the gene of albino mutant of medaka fish.

主要组织相容性复合体（MHC）是一种细胞表面糖蛋白，它将外来抗原呈递给效应T细胞并启动脊椎动物的免疫系统。在哺乳动物和鸟类中对MHC基因进行了广泛的研究，已知它们具有高遗传多态性的多基因位点。为了了解脊椎动物MHC基因的进化，我们分析了一种硬骨鱼，Medaka鱼（Oryzias latipes）的基因，它是低等脊椎动物中唯一一种具有许多近交系的物种。本项目采用PCR方法分离出三种medaka鱼MHC II类B基因，并与哺乳动物、鸟类、慈鱼和斑马鱼的同源基因进行比较。MHCⅱ类B的分子系统发育树表明，从斑马鱼和鲷鱼的共同祖先MHC基因分离后，在鳉鱼分支中分离出三种类型的MHC基因。为了在medaka鱼中构建转基因系统，我们分离并鉴定了一个酪氨酸酶基因作为标记。在此过程中，我们发现了medaka鱼白化突变体基因中的一个转座因子。

项目成果

Inagaki,H.,Hori,H.et al.: "Expression of the tyrosinase -encoding gene in a colorless melanophore mutant of the medakafish,Oryzas latipes" Gene. 150. 319-324 (1994)

Inagaki,H.,Hori,H.等人：“酪氨酸酶编码基因在青鳉鱼无色黑素细胞突变体中的表达”基因。

Kimua, A., Hori, H.et al.: "Polymerase chain reaction-single-strand conformation polymorphism analysis of HLA-DP genes and its application in transplantation" Transplantation Proc.25. 199-202 (1993)

Kimua, A., Hori, H.等：“HLA-DP基因的聚合酶链反应-单链构象多态性分析及其在移植中的应用”Transplantation Proc.25。

堀 寛: "分子進化実験法" 日本生化学会・東京化学同人, 511 (1993)

堀浩：《分子进化实验方法》日本生化学会/东京化学同人，511（1993）

Hoshino,S.,Hori,H.et al.: "A simple and practical test of HLS-DRB and DQB match in transplantation" Transplantation proc.25. 191-193 (1993)

Hoshino,S.,Hori,H.et al.：“移植中 HLS-DRB 和 DQB 匹配的简单实用测试”移植过程 25。

堀 寛(共著): "分子進化実験法" 東京化学同人, 511 (1993)

堀浩（合着）：《分子进化实验方法》东京化学同人，511（1993）