Genetics of Major Histocompotibility Complex

MHC（主要组织相容性复合体，人类HLA）抗原是高度多态性的糖蛋白，表达在所有组织（I类MHC）和抗原呈递细胞（II类MHC）的细胞表面。这些抗原在T细胞对自身和非自身抗原的免疫识别中起着关键作用。异体MHC抗原参与组织移植排斥反应。虽然MHC可以在常见的临床病例中进行血清学定义，但分子生物学技术的最新进展，特别是聚合酶链反应（PCR）的发展，已经有助于在DNA水平上更准确地分析MHC的多态性。在本项目中，我们开发了一种基于检测单站构象多态性的快速分型方法，以及PCR产物中异源双链的形成。

The MHC(Major Histocompatibility Complex, HLA in human) antigens are highly polymorphic glycoproteins expressed on the cell surface of all tissues (class I MHC) and antigen-presenting cells (class II MHC). These antigens play a key role in immune recognition of self and non-self antigens by T cells. Allologous MHC antigens are involved in graft rejection in tissue transplantation.While MHC can be serologically defined in common clinical cases, recent advances in molecular biological techniques, especially the development of polymerase chain reaction (PCR), have facilitated more accurate analysis of the polymorphism in MHC at the DNA level. In this project, we have developed a rapid typing method based on the detection of single-stand conformation polymorphism, and formation of heteroduplexes in PCR products.